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Radiation therapy is a primary treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but its effectiveness can be diminished by various factors. The over-expression of PD-L1 has been identified as a critical reason for radiotherapy resistance.
Tiesuo Zhao +19 more
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BackgroundLenvatinib is a first-line multi-target tyrosine kinase inhibitor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) that exerts anti-angiogenic effects by blocking VEGF signaling.
Jing Yang +16 more
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Nephrotoxicity of checkpoint inhibitors; a current challenge [PDF]
Immune checkpoint inhibitors work by blocking the "checkpoint" mechanism that tumors use to hide from the immune system, therefore also weakening the immune system.
Samaneh Zandifar +4 more
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Immunologic risk factors contribute to endothelial dysfunction and development of pulmonary vascular disease. Immune checkpoint inhibitors, used as immunotherapies for malignancies, have a wide range of reported immune-related adverse events.
Ruben Mylvaganam +6 more
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Reprogramming the tumor microenvironment to overcome immunotherapy resistance in pancreatic cancer
BackgroundPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) exhibits profound resistance to immunotherapy due to its highly immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME).ObjectiveThis review aims to elucidate the key mechanisms of TME-mediated immune evasion in ...
Xianfeng Hui +11 more
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MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a very important role in the development of gastric cancer (GC). MiR-362-3p participates in the formation and progression of various cancers. However, the role and clinical value of miR-362-3p in GC remain unclear.
Fei Tu +9 more
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The APC/C subunit APC7 exerts antiviral effects by targeting the adaptor protein MAVS
The innate immune response is the first line of host defense against viral infection. RNA virus infection triggers activation of retinoic acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I)-mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS) signaling pathway, resulting in the ...
Rui Su +6 more
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Regulation of Intrinsic Functions of PD-L1 by Post-Translational Modification in Tumors
Tumor cells are eliminated by the immune system, including T lymphocytes and natural killer cells; however, many types of tumor cells acquire the immune tolerance by inhibiting T-cell activation and functions via immune checkpoint molecules ...
Naoe Taira Nihira +2 more
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MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a very important role in the development of gastric cancer (GC). MiR-30a-5p Participates in the formation and progression of various cancers. However, the role and clinical value of miR-30a-5p in GC remain unclear.
Fei Tu +8 more
doaj +1 more source
Advances and prospects of mucosal vaccination in the prevention and control of avian influenza
Avian influenza virus (AIV) poses a persistent threat to global poultry production and public health. Long-term immunization programs have established a foundational immune barrier, significantly mitigating the risk of highly pathogenic avian influenza ...
Xianfeng Hui +13 more
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