Results 101 to 110 of about 176,830 (333)

Hungry for Knowledge: Octopamine Signaling Regulates Hunger‐Enhanced Olfactory Learning

Advanced Science, EarlyView.
Researchers demonstrate that hunger state facilitates both aversive and appetitive olfactory learning. Two distinct octopamine signaling pathways are involved in aversive or appetitive memory formation in the hunger state. And, hunger state also facilitates the formation of both types of memories via an evolutionarily conserved norepinephrine (the ...
Huijuan Zhao, Guiyuan Shi, Ruixue Qin, Yinghao Sun, Wenbo Guo, Ruixia Shi, Minxian Peng, Jingxuan Yang, Jianjian Zhao, Qiuhan Liu, Jun Xiao, Ke Zhang, Qiang Liu, Wenxing Yang, He Liu   +14 more
wiley   +1 more source

Perineuronal nets control visual input via thalamic recruitment of cortical PV interneurons

eLife, 2018
In the neocortex, critical periods (CPs) of plasticity are closed following the accumulation of perineuronal nets (PNNs) around parvalbumin (PV)-positive inhibitory interneurons. However, how PNNs tune cortical function and plasticity is unknown.
Giulia Faini, Andrea Aguirre, Silvia Landi, Didi Lamers, Tommaso Pizzorusso, Gian Michele Ratto, Charlotte Deleuze, Alberto Bacci   +7 more
doaj   +1 more source

Encoding of Tactile Stimuli by Mechanoreceptors and Interneurons of the Medicinal Leech [PDF]

, 2016
For many animals processing of tactile information is a crucial task in behavioral contexts like exploration, foraging, and stimulus avoidance. The leech, having infrequent access to food, developed an energy efficient reaction to tactile stimuli ...
Fathiazar, Elham, Hilgen, Gerrit, Kretzberg, Jutta, Pirschel, Friederice   +3 more
core   +4 more sources

Autophagy Activators Normalize Aberrant Tau Proteostasis and Rescue Synapses in Human Familial Alzheimer's Disease iPSC‐Derived Cortical Organoids

Advanced Science, EarlyView.
A new cerebrocortical organoid model using isogenic hiPSCs with familial Alzheimer's mutations recapitulates key AD features, including amyloid‐beta and phospho‐Tau aggregation, neuronal hyperexcitability, and synapse loss. Single‐cell RNA‐seq reveals aberrant pathways in excitatory and inhibitory neurons.
Sergio R. Labra, Jadon Compher, Akhil Prabhavalkar, Mireya Almaraz, Claudia Cedeño Kwong, Christine Baal, Maria Talantova, Nima Dolatabadi, Julian Piña‐Sanz, Yubo Wang, Leonard Yoon, Swagata Ghatak, Zi Gao, Yuting Zhang, Dorit Trudler, Lynee Massey, Wei Lin, Anthony Balistreri, Michael Bula, Nicholas J. Schork, Tony S. Mondala, Steven R. Head, Jeffery W. Kelly, Stuart A. Lipton   +23 more
wiley   +1 more source

Exciting Complexity: The Role of Motor Circuit Elements in ALS Pathophysiology

Frontiers in Neuroscience, 2020
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal disease, characterized by the degeneration of both upper and lower motor neurons. Despite decades of research, we still to date lack a cure or disease modifying treatment, emphasizing the need for a much ...
Zeynep I. Gunes, Zeynep I. Gunes, Zeynep I. Gunes, Vanessa W. Y. Kan, Vanessa W. Y. Kan, Vanessa W. Y. Kan, XiaoQian Ye, XiaoQian Ye, Sabine Liebscher, Sabine Liebscher, Sabine Liebscher   +10 more
doaj   +1 more source

Perineuronal nets protect long-term memory by limiting activity-dependent inhibition from parvalbumin interneurons

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2019
Significance This study reveals the roles of PV interneurons surrounding perineuronal nets (PNNs) in both the hippocampus and the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) in contextual fear memory.
W. Shi, Xiangbo Wei, Xiaofei Wang, Shuwen Du, Weixuan Liu, Jian Song, Yun Wang   +6 more
semanticscholar   +1 more source

In vivo characterization of hippocampal electrophysiological processes in the heterozygous Pten knockout model of autism [PDF]

, 2018
While cognitive deficits have been described in the heterozygous Pten (+/-) KO mouse model of autism, little work has been done to demonstrate how corresponding in vitro physiological alterations in this model may underpin these cognitive deficits in ...
Barry, Jeremy, Spinella, Anthony J, Weston, Matthew   +2 more
core   +1 more source

Nicotinic α7 acetylcholine receptor-mediated currents are not modulated by the tryptophan metabolite kynurenic acid in adult hippocampal interneurons [PDF]

, 2011
The  tryptophan  metabolite,  kynurenic  acid (KYNA),  is  classically  known  to  be  an antagonist  of ionotropic glutamate receptors.
Andrew L. Varnell, Donald C. Cooper, Kevin J. Staley, Peter Dobelis   +3 more
core   +3 more sources

Magnetically Responsive Piezoelectric Nanocapacitors Enhance Neural Recovery Following Spinal Cord Injury via Targeted Spinal Magnetic Stimulation

Advanced Science, EarlyView.
This study presents a novel “in vivo–in vitro” therapeutic strategy for spinal cord injury by leveraging magnetically responsive piezoelectric nanomaterials. These nanomaterials enable targeted delivery of localized electrical stimulation at the injury site through noninvasive external magnetic actuation, thereby promoting axonal regeneration and ...
Zhihang Xiao, Tingting Li, Lechi Zhang, Chunya Xia, Zelin Su, Xuyan Ren, Yingjie Fan, Zerui Wu, Yaobo Liu, Min Su   +9 more
wiley   +1 more source

Attentional Enhancement of Auditory Mismatch Responses: a DCM/MEG Study. [PDF]

, 2015
Despite similar behavioral effects, attention and expectation influence evoked responses differently: Attention typically enhances event-related responses, whereas expectation reduces them.
Auksztulewicz, R, Friston, K
core   +1 more source