Results 111 to 120 of about 118,802 (309)

Key Aspects of Neurovascular Control Mediated by Specific Populations of Inhibitory Cortical Interneurons

bioRxiv, 2019
Inhibitory interneurons can evoke vasodilation and vasoconstriction, making them potential cellular drivers of neurovascular coupling. However, the specific regulatory roles played by particular interneuron subpopulations remain unclear.
L. Lee, L. Boorman, E. Glendenning, Claire R. Christmas, Paul S. Sharp, Peter Redgrave, Osman Shabir, Enrico Bracci, J. Berwick, Clare Howarth   +9 more
semanticscholar   +1 more source

The Serotonin 2B (5‐HT2B) Receptor: A Narrative Review of Preclinical and Clinical Evidence on the Safety Considerations and Therapeutic Potential for the Treatment of Depression

Clinical Pharmacology &Therapeutics, EarlyView.
Major depressive disorder (MDD) and treatment‐resistant depression (TRD) remain leading causes of disability, providing the impetus for receptor‐level treatment strategies beyond monoamine reuptake. The serotonin 5‐HT2B receptor (5‐HT2BR) is uniquely positioned at the interface of central‐antidepressant mechanisms and peripheral cardiac risks.
Gia Han Le, Sabrina Wong, Danica E. Johnson, Diana K. Orsini, Yang Jing Zheng, Kayla M. Teopiz, Christine E. Dri, Joshua D. Rosenblat, Roger S. McIntyre   +8 more
wiley   +1 more source

Diversity and Function of Somatostatin-Expressing Interneurons in the Cerebral Cortex

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2019
Inhibitory interneurons make up around 10–20% of the total neuron population in the cerebral cortex. A hallmark of inhibitory interneurons is their remarkable diversity in terms of morphology, synaptic connectivity, electrophysiological and neurochemical
T. Riedemann
semanticscholar   +1 more source

Role of SoxE transcription factors in development and disease

Developmental Dynamics, EarlyView.
Abstract Sox8, Sox9, and Sox10 arose by multiple rounds of genome duplications from a single SoxE gene in ancestral vertebrates. In this review, we will briefly discuss the molecular structure and function of SoxE transcription factors and their evolutionary origin. We will then discuss their expression, function, and developmental disorders.
Merin Lawrence, Gerhard Schlosser
wiley   +1 more source

The Spinal Neurons Exhibit an ON-OFF and OFF-ON Firing Activity Around the Onset of Fictive Scratching Episodes in the Cat

Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, 2018
In a previous report, we found neurons with ON-OFF and OFF-ON firing activity in the obex reticular formation during scratching. The aim of the present study was to examine whether the spinal neurons also exhibit this type of activity in relation to the “
Carlos A. Cuellar, Braniff De La Torre Valdovinos, Nayeli Huidobro, Rodolfo Delgado-Lezama, Rafael Ornelas-Kobayashi, Elias Manjarrez   +5 more
doaj   +1 more source

Distinct roles of parvalbumin and somatostatin interneurons in gating the synchronization of spike times in the neocortex

Science Advances, 2019
Sensory information–driven spikes are synchronized across cortical layers by distinct subtypes of interneurons. Synchronization of precise spike times across multiple neurons carries information about sensory stimuli.
H. Jang, H. Chung, J. Rowland, B. Richards, M. Kohl, J. Kwag   +5 more
semanticscholar   +1 more source

A shining starlet: Nematostella vectensis as a model for developmental, regenerative, and comparative biology

Developmental Dynamics, EarlyView.
Abstract The sea anemone, Nematostella vectensis, has been used as a model organism in developmental biology studies for many years. This estuarine species has the notable capacity to regenerate its full body plan from small pieces throughout life. Nematostella have been described as having a great degree of cellular plasticity.
Patrick A. Lewis, Zachary Horowitz, Michael Shribak, Karen Echeverri   +3 more
wiley   +1 more source

Cholinergic Modulation of Cortical Microcircuits Is Layer-Specific: Evidence from Rodent, Monkey and Human Brain

Frontiers in Neural Circuits, 2017
Acetylcholine (ACh) signaling shapes neuronal circuit development and underlies specific aspects of cognitive functions and behaviors, including attention, learning, memory and motivation.
Joshua Obermayer, Matthijs B. Verhoog, Antonio Luchicchi, Huibert D. Mansvelder   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

Parvalbumin+ interneurons obey unique connectivity rules and establish a powerful lateral-inhibition microcircuit in dentate gyrus

Nature Communications, 2018
Parvalbumin-positive (PV+) GABAergic interneurons in hippocampal microcircuits are thought to play a key role in several higher network functions, such as feedforward and feedback inhibition, network oscillations, and pattern separation.
C. Espinoza, S. J. Guzman, Xiaomin Zhang, P. Jonas   +3 more
semanticscholar   +1 more source

Efficacy of fenfluramine in a pediatric epilepsy patient with a pathogenic SV2A variant: A case report

Epileptic Disorders, EarlyView.
Abstract Pathogenic SV2A gene variants have been reported as causes of epilepsy and are often associated with drug resistance and susceptibility to fever‐related seizures. No highly effective treatments have been established for this condition. We report a female patient with a family history of epilepsy who developed generalized seizures associated ...
Takayuki Mori, Hiroshi Terashima, Yu kakimoto, Mitsuhiro Kato, Shumpei Uchino   +4 more
wiley   +1 more source