Vagus Nerve Stimulation in Refractory Epilepsy: Effects on Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory Cytokines in Peripheral Blood [PDF]
, 2010 Objective: The vagus nerve has important immunological functions that may be relevant for its anticonvulsive action. We postulate that this anticonvulsive action is activated by a shift in the immune system resulting in a reduction of neurotoxic and an ...
Berfelo, M. W. +6 more
core +2 more sources
Altered Cerebrospinal Fluid Tryptophan–Kynurenine Pathway Metabolism in Multiple System Atrophy
Movement Disorders, EarlyView.Abstract Background Alterations in tryptophan–kynurenine (TRP‐KYN) metabolism, which is associated with neuroinflammation, remain unclear in multiple system atrophy (MSA). Objective The aim was to investigate cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) TRP metabolites in MSA and their associations with other biomarkers.
Ryunosuke Nagao +8 more
wiley +1 more source
Frontiers in Psychiatry, 2021 Hypofunction of glutamatergic signaling is causally linked to neurodevelopmental disorders, including psychotic disorders like schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.
Courtney J. Wright +5 more
doaj +1 more source
The Journal of Dermatology, EarlyView.ABSTRACT Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory dermatitis underpinned by Type 2 inflammation driven by cytokines such as IL‐4 and IL‐13. It is characterized by skin barrier dysfunction, Th2 immune deviation, and pruritus. While biologics and oral Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors demonstrate high therapeutic efficacy by targeting cytokines that ...
Gaku Tsuji +7 more
wiley +1 more source
Nicotinic α7 acetylcholine receptor-mediated currents are not modulated by the tryptophan metabolite kynurenic acid in adult hippocampal interneurons [PDF]
, 2011 The tryptophan metabolite, kynurenic acid (KYNA), is classically known to be an antagonist of ionotropic glutamate receptors.
Andrew L. Varnell +3 more
core +3 more sources
Integrative Zoology, EarlyView.Kaempferol modulates the tryptophan metabolism pathway by increasing the abundances of Christensenellaceae R7 group, Bacteroides, and Blautia and reducing that of Rikenellaceae RC9 gut group, thereby significantly increasing the levels of ILA and IAA. This process inhibits the activation of NF‐κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway, reduces pro‐inflammatory factor
Xiangyu Liu +3 more
wiley +1 more source
Age-related increase of kynurenic acid in human cerebrospinal fluid-IgG and beta(2)-microglobulin changes [PDF]
, 2005 Kynurenic acid (KYNA) is an endogenous metabolite in the kynurenine pathway of tryptophan degradation and is an antagonist at the glycine site of the N-methyl-D-aspartate as well as at the alpha 7 nicotinic cholinergic receptors. In the brain tissue KYNA
Baran, H +5 more
core
Does the type of exercise affect tryptophan catabolism in horses?
Animal, 2021 Tryptophan (Trp) is an essential amino acid which metabolises via the kynurenine pathway to generate a number of bioactive substances referred to as kynurenines.
W. Kędzierski +4 more
doaj +1 more source
Human IDO2 exhibits unique binding affinities distinct to those of human IDO1
The FEBS Journal, EarlyView.Although indoleamine 2,3‐dioxygenase 2 (IDO2) is highly homologous to IDO1, it displays markedly lower catalytic activity. We found that IDO2 binds L‐tryptophan (L‐Trp) in a flipped orientation stabilized by the IDO2‐specific residue His143. Replacement of His143 with the IDO1‐equivalent tyrosine restored an IDO1‐like binding mode and increased ...
Shunsuke Nogi +8 more
wiley +1 more source
Untargeted metabolomics of colonic digests reveals kynurenine pathway metabolites, dityrosine and 3-dehydroxycarnitine as red versus white meat discriminating metabolites [PDF]
, 2016 Epidemiological research has demonstrated that the consumption of red meat is an important risk factor for the development of colorectal cancer (CRC), diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases.
De Smet, S. +5 more
core +2 more sources