Overview of myelin, major myelin lipids, and myelin-associated proteins
Frontiers in Chemistry, 2023 Myelin is a modified cell membrane that forms a multilayer sheath around the axon. It retains the main characteristics of biological membranes, such as lipid bilayer, but differs from them in several important respects.
Alexander Kister, Ilya Kister
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Myelin dysfunction drives amyloid-β deposition in models of Alzheimer’s disease
Nature, 2023 Mouse models show that myelin dysfunction and associated inflammation increase with age, which can promote amyloid-β deposition and therefore risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease. The incidence of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the leading cause of dementia,
Constanze Depp, Ting Sun, Lena Spieth
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Microglia regulate central nervous system myelin growth and integrity
Nature, 2022 Resident microglia in the central nervous system are identified as the specific macrophage population that regulates myelin growth and integrity. Myelin is required for the function of neuronal axons in the central nervous system, but the mechanisms that
Niamh McNamara, , Irene Molina-Gonzalez
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Myelin lipid metabolism and its role in myelination and myelin maintenance
The Innovation, 2023 Myelin is a specialized cell membrane indispensable for rapid nerve conduction. The high abundance of membrane lipids is one of myelin’s salient features that contribute to its unique role as an insulator that electrically isolates nerve fibers across ...
Joseph A. Barnes-Vélez +2 more
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Myelin remodeling through experience-dependent oligodendrogenesis in the adult somatosensory cortex
Nature Neuroscience, 2018 Oligodendrocyte generation in the adult CNS provides a means to adapt the properties of circuits to changes in life experience. However, little is known about the dynamics of oligodendrocytes and the extent of myelin remodeling in the mature brain. Using
Ethan G Hughes +2 more
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Microglia phagocytose myelin sheaths to modify developmental myelination
Nature Neuroscience, 2020 During development, oligodendrocytes contact and wrap neuronal axons with myelin. Similarly to neurons and synapses, excess myelin sheaths are produced and selectively eliminated, but how elimination occurs is unknown.
Alexandria N Hughes, Bruce Appel
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Lifelong cortical myelin plasticity and age-related degeneration in the live mammalian brain
Nature Neuroscience, 2018 Axonal myelin increases neural processing speed and efficiency. It is unknown whether patterns of myelin distribution are fixed or whether myelinating oligodendrocytes are continually generated in adulthood and maintain the capacity for structural ...
Robert A Hill, Jaime Grutzendler
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An interactive meta-analysis of MRI biomarkers of myelin
eLife, 2020 Several MRI measures have been proposed as in vivo biomarkers of myelin, each with applications ranging from plasticity to pathology. Despite the availability of these myelin-sensitive modalities, specificity and sensitivity have been a matter of ...
Matteo Mancini +5 more
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The CNS Myelin Proteome: Deep Profile and Persistence After Post-mortem Delay
Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, 2020 Myelin membranes are dominated by lipids while the complexity of their protein composition has long been considered to be low. However, numerous additional myelin proteins have been identified since.
Olaf Jahn +8 more
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Preservation of a remote fear memory requires new myelin formation
Nature Neuroscience, 2020 Simon Pan, Sonia R Mayoral, Jonah R Chan
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