MicroRNA-23a promotes myelination in the central nervous system. [PDF]
, 2013 Demyelinating disorders including leukodystrophies are devastating conditions that are still in need of better understanding, and both oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelin synthesis pathways are potential avenues for developing treatment ...
Fu, Ying-Hui +5 more
core +2 more sources
Loss of Myelin Basic Protein Function Triggers Myelin Breakdown in Models of Demyelinating Diseases
Cell Reports, 2016 Breakdown of myelin sheaths is a pathological hallmark of several autoimmune diseases of the nervous system. We employed autoantibody-mediated animal models of demyelinating diseases, including a rat model of neuromyelitis optica (NMO), to target myelin ...
Marie-Theres Weil +13 more
doaj +1 more source
Compromised Myelin and Axonal Molecular Organization Following Adult-Onset Sulfatide Depletion
Biomedicines, 2023 3-O-sulfogalactosylceramide, or sulfatide, is a prominent myelin glycosphingolipid reduced in the normal appearing white matter (NAWM) in Multiple Sclerosis (MS), indicating that sulfatide reduction precedes demyelination.
Elizabeth Dustin +6 more
doaj +1 more source
Myelin figures: the buckling and flow of wet soap [PDF]
Phys. Rev. E 79, 061502 (2009), 2009 Myelin figures are interfacial structures formed when certain surfactants swell in excess water. Here, I present data and model calculations suggesting myelin formation and growth is due to the fluid flow of surfactant, driven by the hydration gradient at the dry surfactant/water interface; a simple model based on this idea qualitatively reproduces the
arxiv +1 more source
c-Jun reprograms Schwann cells of injured nerves to generate a repair cell essential for regeneration. [PDF]
, 2012 The radical response of peripheral nerves to injury (Wallerian degeneration) is the cornerstone of nerve repair. We show that activation of the transcription factor c-Jun in Schwann cells is a global regulator of Wallerian degeneration.
Arthur-Farraj, PJ +16 more
core +1 more source
On Top of the Alveolar Epithelium: Surfactant and the Glycocalyx [PDF]
, 2020 Gas exchange in the lung takes place via the air-blood barrier in the septal walls of alveoli. The tissue elements that oxygen molecules have to cross are the alveolar epithelium, the interstitium and the capillary endothelium.
Hegermann, Jan +8 more
core +1 more source
Severe central nervous system demyelination in Sanfilippo disease
Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience, 2023 IntroductionChronic progressive neuroinflammation is a hallmark of neurological lysosomal storage diseases, including mucopolysaccharidosis III (MPS III or Sanfilippo disease).
Mahsa Taherzadeh +14 more
doaj +1 more source
Axin2 as regulatory and therapeutic target in newborn brain injury and remyelination. [PDF]
, 2011 Permanent damage to white matter tracts, comprising axons and myelinating oligodendrocytes, is an important component of brain injuries of the newborn that cause cerebral palsy and cognitive disabilities, as well as multiple sclerosis in adults. However,
Baranzini, Sergio E +11 more
core +3 more sources
Molecular Brain, 2019 Hypomyelination in the central nerves system (CNS) is one of the most obviously pathological features in Niemann-Pick Type C disease (NPC), which is a rare neurodegenerative disorder caused by mutations in the NPC intracellular cholesterol transporter 1 ...
Fan Yang +5 more
doaj +1 more source
Myelin organization in the nodal, paranodal, and juxtaparanodal regions revealed by scanning x-ray microdiffraction. [PDF]
PLoS ONE, 2014 X-ray diffraction has provided extensive information about the arrangement of lipids and proteins in multilamellar myelin. This information has been limited to the abundant inter-nodal regions of the sheath because these regions dominate the scattering ...
Hideyo Inouye +6 more
doaj +1 more source