The RNA binding protein fragile X mental retardation protein promotes myelin sheath growth. [PDF]
Glia, 2020 During development, oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system extend a multitude of processes that wrap axons with myelin. The highly polarized oligodendrocytes generate myelin sheaths on many different axons, which are far removed from the cell ...
Doll CA, Yergert KM, Appel BH.
europepmc +2 more sources
Myelin sheath structure and regeneration in peripheral nerve injury repair. [PDF]
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2019 Significance Afferent and efferent nerve fibers cannot be distinguished based on the axonal diameter or the presence of the Remark bundle. The compaction of the myelin sheath involves 2 steps: 1) The distance between the 2 layers of cell membranes in the
Liu B +15 more
europepmc +2 more sources
Oligodendrocytes express synaptic proteins that modulate myelin sheath formation. [PDF]
Nat Commun, 2019 Vesicular release from neurons promotes myelin sheath growth on axons. Oligodendrocytes express proteins that allow dendrites to respond to vesicular release at synapses, suggesting that axon-myelin contacts use similar communication mechanisms as ...
Hughes AN, Appel B.
europepmc +2 more sources
Ca 2+ activity signatures of myelin sheath formation and growth in vivo. [PDF]
Nat Neurosci, 2018 During myelination, individual oligodendrocytes initially over-produce short myelin sheaths, which are either retracted or stabilized. By live-imaging oligodendrocyte Ca2+ activity in vivo, we find that high-amplitude, long-duration Ca2+ transients in ...
Baraban M, Koudelka S, Lyons DA.
europepmc +3 more sources
Clinical concentration of sevoflurane had no short-term effect on the myelin sheath in prefrontal cortex of aged marmosets [PDF]
Frontiers in NeuroscienceIntroductionThe fragile brain includes both the developing brain in childhood and the deteriorating brain in elderly. While the effects of general anesthesia on the myelin sheath of developing brain have been well-documented, limited research has ...
Zhengjie Miao +6 more
doaj +2 more sources
Identification of 3' UTR motifs required for mRNA localization to myelin sheaths in vivo.
PLoS Biology, 2021 Myelin is a specialized membrane produced by oligodendrocytes that insulates and supports axons. Oligodendrocytes extend numerous cellular processes, as projections of the plasma membrane, and simultaneously wrap multiple layers of myelin membrane around
Katie M Yergert +4 more
doaj +3 more sources
Peripheral Nerve Diffusion Tensor Imaging: Assessment of Axon and Myelin Sheath Integrity. [PDF]
PLoS ONE, 2015 To investigate the potential of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) parameters as in-vivo biomarkers of axon and myelin sheath integrity of the median nerve in the carpal tunnel as validated by correlation with electrophysiology.MRI examinations at 3T ...
A Heckel +7 more
doaj +2 more sources
A Nanoscale Model System for the Human Myelin Sheath [PDF]
Biomacromolecules, 2021 Here, we for the first time establish nanodiscs with the challenging lipid composition of myelin of the peripheral or central nervous systems, respectively (PNS and CNS, both containing >40% cholesterol, which so far has been thought to be detrimental for nanodisc formation).Thus, we prove that more complex lipid model membrane systems are in ...
Matthias Hoffmann +11 more
openaire +6 more sources
Dipolar induced spin-lattice relaxation in the myelin sheath: A molecular dynamics study. [PDF]
Sci Rep, 2019 Interactions between hydrogen protons of water molecules and macromolecules within the myelin sheath surrounding the axons are a major factor influencing the magnetic resonance (MR) contrast in white matter (WM) regions.
Schyboll F +3 more
europepmc +2 more sources
White matter intercompartmental water exchange rates determined from detailed modeling of the myelin sheath. [PDF]
Magn Reson Med, 2019 Purpose: Magnetization exchange (ME) between hydrogen protons of water and large molecules (semisolids [SS]) in lipid bilayers is an important factor in MRI signal generation and can be exploited to study white matter pathology.
van Gelderen P, Duyn JH.
europepmc +2 more sources