Results 21 to 30 of about 79,170 (253)

Neuregulin and BDNF induce a switch to NMDA receptor-dependent myelination by oligodendrocytes. [PDF]

PLoS Biology, 2013
Myelination is essential for rapid impulse conduction in the CNS, but what determines whether an individual axon becomes myelinated remains unknown. Here we show, using a myelinating coculture system, that there are two distinct modes of myelination, one
Iben Lundgaard, Aryna Luzhynskaya, John H Stockley, Zhen Wang, Kimberley A Evans, Matthew Swire, Katrin Volbracht, Hélène O B Gautier, Robin J M Franklin, Charles Ffrench-Constant, David Attwell, Ragnhildur T Káradóttir   +11 more
doaj   +2 more sources

Local axonal morphology guides the topography of interneuron myelination in mouse and human neocortex [PDF]

eLife, 2019
GABAergic fast-spiking parvalbumin-positive (PV) interneurons are frequently myelinated in the cerebral cortex. However, the factors governing the topography of cortical interneuron myelination remain incompletely understood.
Jeffrey Stedehouder, Demi Brizee, Johan A Slotman, Maria Pascual-Garcia, Megan L Leyrer, Bibi LJ Bouwen, Clemens MF Dirven, Zhenyu Gao, David M Berson, Adriaan B Houtsmuller, Steven A Kushner   +10 more
doaj   +2 more sources

In vitro myelination using explant culture of dorsal root ganglia: An efficient tool for analyzing peripheral nerve differentiation and disease modeling.

PLoS ONE, 2023
Peripheral nerves conducting motor and somatosensory signals in vertebrate consist of myelinated and unmyelinated axons. In vitro myelination culture, generated by co-culturing Schwann cells (SCs) and dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, is an ...
Yurika Numata-Uematasu, Shuji Wakatsuki, Yuka Kobayashi-Ujiie, Kazuhisa Sakai, Noritaka Ichinohe, Toshiyuki Araki   +5 more
doaj   +1 more source

Regional Difference in Myelination in Monocarboxylate Transporter 8 Deficiency: Case Reports and Literature Review of Cases in Japan

Frontiers in Neurology, 2021
Background: Monocarboxylate transporter 8 (MCT8) is a thyroid hormone transmembrane transporter protein. MCT8 deficiency induces severe X-linked psychomotor retardation. Previous reports have documented delayed myelination in the central white matter (WM)
Hideyuki Iwayama, Tatsushi Tanaka, Kohei Aoyama, Masaharu Moroto, Shinsuke Adachi, Shinsuke Adachi, Yasuko Fujisawa, Hiroki Matsuura, Kyoko Takano, Haruo Mizuno, Akihisa Okumura   +10 more
doaj   +1 more source

Myelination of parvalbumin interneurons shapes the function of cortical sensory inhibitory circuits

Nature Communications, 2020
Myelination optimizes conduction speed of excitatory neurons. However, whether myelination of interneurons (INs) refines cortical networks is unclear.
Najate Benamer, Marie Vidal, Maddalena Balia, María Cecilia Angulo   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

C1q is essential for myelination in the central nervous system (CNS)

iScience, 2023
Summary: Myelin sheath in the central nervous system (CNS) is essential for efficient action potential conduction. Microglia, the macrophages in the CNS, are suggested to regulate myelin development.
Qiang Yu, Nan Zhang, Teng Guan, Ying Guo, Hassan Marzban, Benjamin Lindsey, Jiming Kong   +6 more
doaj   +1 more source

Glial Cells Promote Myelin Formation and Elimination

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, 2021
Building a functional nervous system requires the coordinated actions of many glial cells. In the vertebrate central nervous system (CNS), oligodendrocytes myelinate neuronal axons to increase conduction velocity and provide trophic support.
Alexandria N. Hughes
doaj   +1 more source

Time-lapse imaging of the dynamics of CNS glial-axonal interactions in vitro and ex vivo [PDF]

, 2012
<b>Background</b> Myelination is an exquisite and dynamic example of heterologous cell-cell interaction, which consists of the concentric wrapping of multiple layers of oligodendrocyte membrane around neuronal axons.
Strachan, D., Susan C Barnett, Edgar Julia M., David Strachan (186501), Ioannidou, K., Julia M Edgar, Kurt I Anderson, Susan C. Barnett (186504), David Strachan, Julia M. Edgar (37537), Anderson, K.I., Barnett, S.C., Strachan David, Kalliopi Ioannidou, Kurt I. Anderson (186499), Edgar, J.M., Kalliopi Ioannidou (186497), Ioannidou Kalliopi, Anderson Kurt I., Barnett Susan C.   +19 more
core   +1 more source

Functional role of the overexpression of the myelin and lymphocyte protein MAL in Schwann cells [PDF]

, 2013
For fast propagation of action potentials in the nervous system, higher vertebrates have developed a specialized plasma membrane structure, the myelin, ensheathing nerve fibers. Myelin sheaths are formed by Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system (
Schmid, Daniela
core   +1 more source

Bihemispheric alterations in myelination in children following unilateral perinatal stroke

NeuroImage: Clinical, 2018
Background: Stroke is a leading cause of perinatal brain injury with variable outcomes including cerebral palsy and epilepsy. The biological processes that underlie these heterogeneous outcomes are poorly understood.
Sabrina Yu, Helen L. Carlson, Aleksandra Mineyko, Brian L. Brooks, Andrea Kuczynski, Jacquie Hodge, Sean Dukelow, Adam Kirton   +7 more
doaj   +1 more source