Results 51 to 60 of about 77,821 (298)

Myelination and mTOR [PDF]

Glia, 2017
AbstractMyelinating cells surround axons to accelerate the propagation of action potentials, to support axonal health, and to refine neural circuits. Myelination is metabolically demanding and, consistent with this notion, mTORC1—a signaling hub coordinating cell metabolism—has been implicated as a key signal for myelination.
Gianluca Figlia, Daniel Gerber, Ueli Suter   +2 more
openaire   +4 more sources

White Matter Microstructural Abnormalities in Neonatal Onset Genetic Epilepsy

Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT Objective Recent evidence indicates that epilepsy is associated with abnormal white matter. If seizures alter white matter, then the impact upon network function, epileptogenesis, and cognition could be pronounced in neonates undergoing rapid developmental myelination. Neonates with epilepsy due to nonstructural genetic causes provide a unique
Amanda G. Sandoval Karamian, Tianjia Zhu, Hao Huang, Shavonne L. Massey, Mark P. Fitzgerald, Darshana Parikh, Arastoo Vossough, Ingo Helbig, Nicholas S. Abend   +8 more
wiley   +1 more source

Neurotoxic Reactive Astrocytes Drive Defective Myelination in Acute Perinatal White Matter Injury. [PDF]

, 2022
Introduction: Acute perinatal white matter injury (apWMI) is the most common form of brain injury in preterm infants, yet the mechanisms underlying neurologic dysmaturation in this disease are far from understood.
Renz, Patricia, Brosius Lutz, Amanda, Haesler, Valérie, Schoeberlein, Andreina, Tscherrig, Vera, Surbek, Daniel, Liddelow, Shane   +6 more
core   +2 more sources

T1 Over Squared Proton Density Ratio to Characterize Multiple Sclerosis Lesions

Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT Objective Differentiating remyelinated from demyelinated lesions in MS remains challenging without histological confirmation. This study introduces the T1‐to‐PD2 ratio (TPR) imaging approach and evaluates its ability to characterize MS lesions alongside other quantitative MRI (qMRI) metrics. Methods Thirty individuals with MS (mean age: 47.5 ± 
Sarah J. Wright, Scotty G. McKay, Jean Ramos Bou, Fen Bao, Vivian B. Truong, Chenyang Li, Li Jiang, Anza B. Memon, E. Mark Haacke, Yulin Ge, Yongsheng Chen   +10 more
wiley   +1 more source

Pathogenetic Mechanisms Underlying Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3 Are Altered in Primary Oligodendrocyte Culture

Cells, 2022
Emerging evidence has implicated non-neuronal cells, particularly oligodendrocytes, in the pathophysiology of many neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington’s disease and ...
Kristen H. Schuster, Alexandra F. Putka, Hayley S. McLoughlin   +2 more
doaj   +1 more source

Conditions for combining gene therapy with bone marrow transplantation in murine Krabbe disease [PDF]

BioImpacts, 2020
Introduction: Krabbe disease (KD) is an autosomal recessive lysosomal disorder caused by mutations in the galactocerebrosidase (GALC) gene. This results in defective myelination in the peripheral and central nervous systems due to low GALC activity ...
Mohammad A. Rafi, Paola Luzi, David A. Wenger   +2 more
doaj   +1 more source

Region Specific miRNA–mRNA Networks in Gray and White Matter Lesions of Progressive Multiple Sclerosis

Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT Objective Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. This study aimed to identify micro‐RNA (miRNA)–mRNA regulatory networks underlying region‐specific molecular mechanisms in white matter and gray matter lesions in progressive MS.
Adya Sapra, Nagendra K. Rai, Timothy D. Niepokny, Haley Courtney, Ajai Tripathi, Ranjan Dutta   +5 more
wiley   +1 more source

Mutations in dock1 disrupt early Schwann cell development

Neural Development, 2018
Background In the peripheral nervous system (PNS), specialized glial cells called Schwann cells produce myelin, a lipid-rich insulating sheath that surrounds axons and promotes rapid action potential propagation.
Rebecca L. Cunningham, Amy L. Herbert, Breanne L. Harty, Sarah D. Ackerman, Kelly R. Monk   +4 more
doaj   +1 more source

GDE2-Dependent Activation of Canonical Wnt Signaling in Neurons Regulates Oligodendrocyte Maturation

Cell Reports, 2020
Summary: Neurons and oligodendrocytes communicate to regulate oligodendrocyte development and ensure appropriate axonal myelination. Here, we show that Glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterase 2 (GDE2) signaling underlies a neuronal pathway that promotes ...
Bo-Ran Choi, Clinton Cave, Chan Hyun Na, Shanthini Sockanathan   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

A Magneto‐Mechanically Activated Nerve Guidance Conduit Promotes Peripheral Nerve Regeneration via TIMP1‐Mediated Membrane Tension Transfer

Advanced Functional Materials, EarlyView.
This study presents a magneto‐mechanical strategy that incorporates FP@MSCs into an aligned PCL/GelMA nerve guidance conduit. Magnetic stimulation increases membrane tension in FP@MSCs, triggering cytoskeletal remodeling, Schwann cell‐like differentiation, and TIMP1 secretion. TIMP1 activates ITGB1/CD63–FAK signaling in NE‐4C cells, increasing membrane
Xinyu Zhu, Yumin Wu, Xiang Gao, Tianlu Wang, Wanting Jia, Xueying Mei, Huanzhong Ji, Zongxi Wu, Yujie Liang, Xiang Li, Kan Li, Jingyuan Li, Guangsen Zheng, Guiqing Liao, Siyong Gao   +14 more
wiley   +1 more source