Results 111 to 120 of about 11,761 (240)

Does hypoxia play a role in the development of sarcopenia in humans? Mechanistic insights from the Caudwell Xtreme Everest Expedition [PDF]

, 2017
OBJECTIVES: Sarcopenia refers to the involuntary loss of skeletal muscle and is a predictor of physical disability/mortality. Its pathogenesis is poorly understood, although roles for altered hypoxic signaling, oxidative stress, adipokines and ...
Caudwell Xtreme Everest Research Group,, Feelisch, M, Fernandez, BO, Grocott, MPW, Khosravi, M, Leckstrom, CA, Levett, DZH, Martin, DS, Mitchell, K, Montgomery, HE, Mythen, MG, Riley, HL, Siervo, M, Stroud, MA, Wandrag, L   +14 more
core   +1 more source

Myokines in alcoholic myopathy

Journal of Contemporary Medical Sciences, 2015
Objective Interleukin (IL)-15 is highly expressed in skeletal muscles, where it exerts anabolic effects, increase protein content in muscle fibres and promotes muscle growth. Alcoholics frequently suffer myopathy. Therefore, we analyse the level of IL-15 [and other myokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)] in alcoholics.
Kammela Hadi Shammam, Fadhil Jawad Al-Tu’ma, Hedef Dafer El-Yassin   +2 more
openaire   +1 more source

Neuroprotective roles of klotho: Molecular pathways and therapeutic implications for cognitive health in neurological and psychiatric diseases

Experimental Physiology, EarlyView.
Abstract Klotho, a pleiotropic protein initially identified for its role in kidney function, has garnered significant attention for its neuroprotective properties in various neurodegenerative diseases. It regulates key processes, such as oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, synaptic plasticity and myelination, all crucial for maintaining neuronal ...
Amir Arsalan Ghahari, Leylinaz Safaeihavadaragh, Mehrdad Nourizadeh, Shaghayegh Davari, Saba Safaei, Farshad Zare, Safa Alkayyat, Erfan Kamali Far   +7 more
wiley   +1 more source

Brown Fat Paucity Due to Impaired BMP Signaling Induces Compensatory Browning of White Fat [PDF]

, 2014
Summary Maintenance of body temperature is essential for survival of homeotherms. Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is a specialized fat tissue that is dedicated to thermoregulation1.
Cypess, Aaron M., Gussoni, Emanuela, Huang, Ping, Huang, Tian Lian, McDougall, Lindsay E., Mishina, Yuji, Schulz, Tim J., Townsend, Kristy L., Tseng, Yu-Hua, Xue, Ruidan   +9 more
core   +1 more source

Intramuscular pathways of maladaptation in overtraining syndrome

The Journal of Physiology, EarlyView.
Abstract figure legend The transition from adaptive overreaching to maladaptive overtraining and mechanisms through which excessive training load can lead to performance decline. Four interconnected pathophysiological domains are highlighted: neural fatigue, involving both central and peripheral components such as altered sensory feedback and reflex ...
Emily Shorter, Oscar Horwath, Sabrina Tzivia Barsky, Ferdinand von Walden, Johanna T. Lanner   +4 more
wiley   +1 more source

Impact of visceral fat on skeletal muscle mass and vice versa in a prospective cohort study: The Korean Sarcopenic Obesity Study (KSOS) [PDF]

, 2014
Objectives: Sarcopenia and visceral obesity have been suggested to aggravate each other, resulting in a vicious cycle. However, evidence based on prospective study is very limited.
Baik, SH, Choi, HY, Choi, KM, Hong, HC, Kang, HJ, Kim, TN, Newman, AB, Park, MS, Park, SW, Ryu, JY, Song, W, Yoo, HJ   +11 more
core   +1 more source

Myokines: Do they really exist?

The Journal of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine, 2012
Skeletal muscle has only recently been considered a secretory organ. Muscle-derived proteins are now termed myokines. Until date, about 20 proteins known as cytokines, growth factors, and adipokines have been reported as myokines. However, only a few studies have been able to demonstrate secretion from the skeletal muscle. Furthermore, many reports are
Yasuko Manabe, Shouta Miyatake, Mayumi Takagi   +2 more
openaire   +3 more sources

Potential health benefits of cold‐water immersion: the central role of PGC‐1α

The Journal of Physiology, EarlyView.
Abstract figure legend Cold‐water immersion (CWI) elicits autonomic, somato‐motoric (shivering thermogenesis), endocrine and metabolic, sensory transduction, and local biophysical effects that may converge on the transcriptional co‐activator PGC‐1α (centre).
Erich Hohenauer, Wafa Douzi, Johannes Burtscher   +2 more
wiley   +1 more source

Muscle-specific overexpression of AdipoR1 or AdipoR2 gives rise to common and discrete local effects whilst AdipoR2 promotes additional systemic effects [PDF]

, 2017
Hypoadiponectinemia and adiponectin resistance are implicated in the aetiology of obesity-related cardiometabolic disorders, hence represent a potential therapeutic axis.
A Rodriguez, AM Delaigle, CR Bruce, DC Henstridge, DJ Dyck, F Almabouada, GS Hotamisligil, H Kanda, H Tanabe, H Xu, HK Charlton, IJ Hickman, IP Chou, J Jortay, JL Parker-Duffen, JT Heiker, K Dadson, K Tomita, KL Mullen, KL Mullen, KL Mullen, L Tian, M Bjursell, M Iwabu, MB Chen, MH Lee, N Luo, P Zhang, Q Ding, S Keshvari, S Keshvari, SA Patel, T Sente, T Yamauchi, T Yamauchi, T Yamauchi, T Yamauchi, WL Holland, Y Liu, Y Liu, Y Ma, Y Wang, ZV Wang   +42 more
core   +3 more sources

Treating age‐related loss of muscle mass and function: Where should we be focusing?

The Journal of Physiology, EarlyView.
Abstract figure legend Perturbations contributing to the age‐related loss of muscle mass and strength. A, in the spinal cord, self‐reinforcing cycles of oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation mediated by cells, including microglia, contribute to motor neuron degeneration.
Daniel J. Ham, Christopher S. Fry, Avnika Ashok Ruparelia, Shyuan T. Ngo, Séverine Lamon   +4 more
wiley   +1 more source