Results 101 to 110 of about 191,422 (338)

Multicoding in neural information transfer suggested by mathematical analysis of the frequency-dependent synaptic plasticity in vivo [PDF]

arXiv, 2020
Two elements of neural information processing have primarily been proposed: firing rate and spike timing of neurons. In the case of synaptic plasticity, although spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP) depending on presynaptic and postsynaptic spike times had been considered the most common rule, recent studies have shown the inhibitory nature of the ...
arxiv  

Kirigami‐Inspired Breathable Smart Contact Lens for Wireless Monitoring of Corneal Hypoxia and Microenvironment

Advanced Healthcare Materials, EarlyView.
A kirigami‐inspired breathable smart contact lens is reported for wireless monitoring of corneal hypoxia and microenvironment. The ultrathin (55 µm) and flexible sensing device enables digitalized, in situ and precise monitoring of dissolved oxygen, humidity, and temperature (R2 >0.98).
Jiaxue Zhu, Ling Yang, Qing Yang, Yin Huang, Yuhang Li, Yueqing He, Xuxu Yang, Zhiyan Yang, Yonghong Jiao, Wenbin Wei, Yihao Chen, Xue Feng   +11 more
wiley   +1 more source

The chromatin landscape of neuronal plasticity

Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 2019
Examining the links between neuronal activity, transcriptional output, and synaptic function offers unique insights into how neurons adapt to changing environments and form memories. Epigenetic markers, such as DNA methylation and histone modifications, have been implicated in the formation of not only cellular memories such as cell fate, but also ...
Erica Korb, Margaret Herre
openaire   +4 more sources

Engineering the Future of Restorative Clinical Peripheral Nerve Surgery

Advanced Healthcare Materials, EarlyView.
What if damaged nerves could regenerate more effectively? This review unveils cutting‐edge strategies to restore nerve function, from biomaterial scaffolds and bioactive molecules to living engineered tissues. By accelerating axonal regrowth, preserving Schwann cells, and enhancing connectivity, these approaches are reshaping nerve repair—offering new ...
Justin C. Burrell, Zarina S. Ali, Eric L. Zager, Joseph M. Rosen, Mykhailo M. Tatarchuk, D. Kacy Cullen   +5 more
wiley   +1 more source

Unsupervised learning by a nonlinear network with Hebbian excitatory and anti-Hebbian inhibitory neurons [PDF]

arXiv, 2018
This paper introduces a rate-based nonlinear neural network in which excitatory (E) neurons receive feedforward excitation from sensory (S) neurons, and inhibit each other through disynaptic pathways mediated by inhibitory (I) interneurons. Correlation-based plasticity of disynaptic inhibition serves to incompletely decorrelate E neuron activity ...
arxiv  

Morphometric‐Assisted Prediction of Developmental Toxicity Using Stem Cell‐Based Embryo Models in Microwells

Advanced Healthcare Materials, EarlyView.
This proof‐of‐concept study involves high‐throughput teratogenicity screening of compounds using XEn/EpiCs, a 3D stem cell‐based embryo model, within microwells. The term ‘morphotoxicity’ is introduced to complement traditional cytotoxicity assays through automated feature extraction and machine‐learning‐assisted classification of morphologies.
Vinidhra Shankar, Athanasia Zoi Pappa, Clemens van Blitterswijk, Erik Vrij, Stefan Giselbrecht   +4 more
wiley   +1 more source

Synaptic plasticity and neuronal refractory time cause scaling behaviour of neuronal avalanches [PDF]

arXiv, 2016
Neuronal avalanches measured in vitro and in vivo in different cortical networks consistently exhibit power law behaviour for the size and duration distributions with exponents typical for a mean field self-organized branching process. These exponents are also recovered in neuronal network simulations implementing various neuronal dynamics on different
arxiv  

Organoid‐Like Neurovascular Spheroids Promote the Recovery of Hypoxic‐Ischemic Skin Flaps Through the Activation of Autophagy

Advanced Healthcare Materials, EarlyView.
Highly sprouting organoid‐like neurovascular spheroids (NVUs) are developed, featuring cell‐loaded poly‐3‐hydroxybutyrate 4‐hydroxybutyrate(P34HB) porous microsphere cores embedded within Gelatin Methacryloyl. NVUs formed complex vascular plexuses and secreted extracellular matrix in vitro, simulating autologous nerves and blood interaction.
Junjin Jie, Jingyi Ju, Zhenxing Wang, Jun Chen, Lin‐Ping Wu, Jiaming Sun   +5 more
wiley   +1 more source

Neuron-level Balance between Stability and Plasticity in Deep Reinforcement Learning [PDF]

arXiv
In contrast to the human ability to continuously acquire knowledge, agents struggle with the stability-plasticity dilemma in deep reinforcement learning (DRL), which refers to the trade-off between retaining existing skills (stability) and learning new knowledge (plasticity).
arxiv  

Learning of Precise Spike Times with Membrane Potential Dependent Synaptic Plasticity [PDF]

arXiv, 2014
Precise spatio-temporal patterns of neuronal action potentials underly e.g. sensory representations and control of muscle activities. However, it is not known how the synaptic efficacies in the neuronal networks of the brain adapt such that they can reliably generate spikes at specific points in time.
arxiv