Acute and long-term consequences of exposure to organophosphate nerve agents in humans. [PDF]
Epilepsia, 2018 SummaryNerve agents are organophosphate (OP) compounds and among the most powerful poisons known to man. A terrorist attack on civilian or military populations causing mass casualties is a real threat. TheOPnerve agents include soman, sarin, cyclosarin, tabun, andVX.
Figueiredo TH +3 more
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Organophosphate Nerve Agent Detection with Europium Complexes [PDF]
The Scientific World Journal, 2004 We explore the detection of paraoxon, a model compound for nonvolatile organophosphate nerve agents such as VX. The detection utilizes europium complexes with 1,10 phenanthroline and thenoyltrifluoroacetone as sensitizing ligands.
Jake R. Schwierking +2 more
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Stereoselective hydrolysis of organophosphate nerve agents by the bacterial phosphotriesterase. [PDF]
Biochemistry, 2010 Organophosphorus compounds include many synthetic, neurotoxic substances that are commonly used as insecticides. The toxicity of these compounds is due to their ability to inhibit the enzyme acetylcholine esterase. Some of the most toxic organophosphates have been adapted for use as chemical warfare agents; the most well-known are GA, GB, GD, GF, VX ...
Tsai PC +8 more
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From Mechanisms to Materials: Oximate Reactivity and Emerging Strategies for Organophosphate Detoxification. [PDF]
ChemphyschemThe development of effective strategies for the detoxification of organophosphorus (OP) nerve agents has evolved from the early mechanistic studies of François Terrier and collaborators, who first elucidated the exceptional nucleophilicity of α‐effect species such as oximes and hydroxamates, to the modern design of supramolecular and material‐based ...
Rodríguez-Dafonte P.
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Severe organophosphate intoxication without classic cholinergic signs: A case report and updated literature review [PDF]
Science ProgressOrganophosphate compounds such as dichlorvos, a widely used pesticide, account for a substantial proportion of acute poisonings globally. These agents irreversibly inhibit acetylcholinesterase, leading to cholinergic overstimulation.
Ulkar Naghizade +5 more
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Hairy-root organ cultures for the production of human acetylcholinesterase [PDF]
BMC Biotechnology, 2008 Background Human cholinesterases can be used as a bioscavenger of organophosphate toxins used as pesticides and chemical warfare nerve agents. The practicality of this approach depends on the availability of the human enzymes, but because of inherent ...
Mor Tsafrir S +2 more
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Classification, Chemical, and Toxicological Properties of Carbamate Nerve Agents [PDF]
Journal of XenobioticsNerve agents are usually identified as exceedingly toxic organophosphate compounds like VX and sarin. Nevertheless, although carbamate nerve agents (CNAs) have been developed they constitute the least studied class of nerve agents outside military ...
Georgios Pampalakis
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Mitigating organophosphate nerve agent, soman (GD), induced long-term neurotoxicity: Saracatinib, a Src Tyrosine Kinase inhibitor, as a potential countermeasure [PDF]
Journal of NeuroinflammationBackground Acute exposure to soman (GD), an organophosphate nerve agent (OPNA), irreversibly inhibits acetylcholinesterase (AChE), induces seizures, and could be fatal if not treated immediately.
Nyzil Massey +10 more
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Organophosphate Chemical Nerve Agents, Oxidative Stress, and NADPH Oxidase Inhibitors: An Overview. [PDF]
Int J Mol SciOrganophosphates (OPs) are potent anti-acetylcholinesterase compounds historically used as pesticides and exploited in chemical warfare. Exposure to OPs initiates cholinergic crisis with both peripheral and central effects such as salivation, lacrimation, urination, and defecation (SLUD), and status epilepticus (SE), a prolonged state of seizure ...
Meyer C, Thippeswamy T.
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Isoflurane-lipid emulsion injection as an anticonvulsant and neuroprotectant treatment for nerve agent exposure [PDF]
Frontiers in PharmacologyWe have shown that briefly inhaled isoflurane rapidly halts convulsions and protects the central nervous system (CNS) from organophosphate-induced neuronal loss when administered at 5% for 5 min, even as late as 1 h after organophosphate exposure. In the
Jishnu K. S. Krishnan +4 more
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