Macrophages exposed continuously to lipopolysaccharide and other agonists that act via toll-like receptors exhibit a sustained and additive activation state [PDF]
Background: Macrophages sense microorganisms through activation of members of the Toll-like receptor family, which initiate signals linked to transcription of many inflammation associated genes.
Aderem, A +17 more
core +1 more source
Homology Modeling of Toll-Like Receptor Ligand-Binding Domains [PDF]
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are in the front-line during the initiation of an innate immune response against invading pathogens. TLRs are type I transmembrane proteins that are expressed on the surface of immune system cells.
Wei, Tiandi
core +1 more source
The beneficial effect of quercetin in rheumatic diseases is unclear. Studies have already confirmed that human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) alleviate some symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by their immunosuppressive capacities ...
Guiling Chen +21 more
doaj +1 more source
IL-17 and Toll-like Receptor 2 or Toll-like Receptor 4 Combined Engagement Upregulates RANKL and IL-6 in Human Rheumatoid Synovial Fibroblasts [PDF]
Objective: The aim of this study was to clarify whether stimulation of recombinant IL-17, TLR2 and TLR4 by their specific ligands induces the production of RANKL and IL-6 in the fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) from RA patients. Methods: FLSs were isolated from RA synovial tissues and they were stimulated with the IL-17, TLR2 ligand bacterial ...
Kyoung-Woon Kim +6 more
openaire +1 more source
Toll-like receptor signaling and SIGIRR in renal fibrosis upon unilateral ureteral obstruction. [PDF]
Innate immune activation via IL-1R or Toll-like receptors (TLR) contibutes to acute kidney injury but its role in tissue remodeling during chronic kidney disease is unclear.
Skuginna Veronika +41 more
core +1 more source
Genetic association and expression studies indicate a role of toll-like receptor 8 in pulmonary tuberculosis. [PDF]
Despite high rates of exposure, only 5-10% of people infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis will develop active tuberculosis (TB) disease, suggesting a significant role for genetic variation in the human immune response to this infection.
Crevel, R. van +75 more
core +3 more sources
Toll‐like receptor 6 drives interleukin‐17A expression during experimental hypersensitivity pneumonitis [PDF]
SummaryHypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is a T‐cell‐driven disease that is histologically characterized by diffuse mononuclear cell infiltrates and loosely formed granulomas in the lungs. We have previously reported that interleukin‐17A (IL‐17A) contributes to the development of experimental HP, and that the pattern recognition receptor Toll‐like ...
Fong, Daniel J. +5 more
openaire +3 more sources
Modulation of Toll-like receptor activity by leukocyte Ig-like receptors and their effects during bacterial infection. [PDF]
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a potent trigger for inflammatory immune responses. Without tight regulation their activation could lead to pathology, so it is imperative to extend our understanding of the regulatory mechanisms that govern TLR expression ...
Martin Vordermeier +5 more
core +1 more source
Chronic Inhibition of Toll‐Like Receptor 9 Ameliorates Pulmonary Hypertension in Rats
Background Recent accumulating evidence suggests that toll‐like receptor 9 (TLR9) is involved in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. However, its role in pulmonary hypertension remains uncertain.
Tomohito Ishikawa +9 more
doaj +1 more source
Mannose-binding lectin enhances Toll-like receptors 2 and 6 signaling from the phagosome [PDF]
Innate immunity is the first-line defense against pathogens and relies on phagocytes, soluble components, and cell-surface and cytosolic pattern recognition receptors. Despite using hard-wired receptors and signaling pathways, the innate immune response demonstrates surprising specificity to different pathogens.
Ip, W.K. Eddie +4 more
openaire +3 more sources

