Results 41 to 50 of about 13,696 (172)

Viral evasion of a bacterial suicide system by RNA-based molecular mimicry enables infectious altruism.

PLoS Genetics, 2012
Abortive infection, during which an infected bacterial cell commits altruistic suicide to destroy the replicating bacteriophage and protect the clonal population, can be mediated by toxin-antitoxin systems such as the Type III protein-RNA toxin-antitoxin
Tim R Blower, Terry J Evans, Rita Przybilski, Peter C Fineran, George P C Salmond   +4 more
doaj   +1 more source

RHS-elements function as type II toxin-antitoxin modules that regulate intra-macrophage replication of Salmonella Typhimurium.

PLoS Genetics, 2020
RHS elements are components of conserved toxin-delivery systems, wide-spread within the bacterial kingdom and some of the most positively selected genes known. However, very little is known about how Rhs toxins affect bacterial biology.
Magnus Stårsta, Disa L Hammarlöf, Marcus Wäneskog, Susan Schlegel, Feifei Xu, Arvid Heden Gynnå, Malin Borg, Sten Herschend, Sanna Koskiniemi   +8 more
doaj   +1 more source

Evaluating the Potential for Cross-Interactions of Antitoxins in Type II TA Systems

Toxins, 2020
The diversity of Type-II toxin–antitoxin (TA) systems in bacterial genomes requires tightly controlled interaction specificity to ensure protection of the cell, and potentially to limit cross-talk between toxin–antitoxin pairs of the same family of TA ...
Chih-Han Tu, Michelle Holt, Shengfeng Ruan, Christina Bourne   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

Toxin-Antitoxin Systems and Persistence

, 2019
Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are small genetic modules comprising a stable toxic protein and an antitoxin preventing the toxin activity. In type II TA systems, antitoxins are unstable proteins that are degraded by host ATP-dependent proteases. In steady-state conditions, the antitoxin forms a complex with the toxin in which the toxic activity is ...
Fraikin, Nathan, Goormaghtigh, Frederic, Van Melderen, Laurence   +2 more
openaire   +2 more sources

AAU-Specific RNA Cleavage Mediated by MazF Toxin Endoribonuclease Conserved in Nitrosomonas europaea

Toxins, 2016
Nitrosomonas europaea carries numerous toxin-antitoxin systems. However, despite the abundant representation in its chromosome, studies have not surveyed the underlying molecular functions in detail, and their biological roles remain enigmatic.
Tatsuki Miyamoto, Akiko Yokota, Satoshi Tsuneda, Naohiro Noda   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

To be or not to be: regulation of restriction–modification systems and other toxin–antitoxin systems [PDF]

Nucleic Acids Research, 2013
One of the simplest classes of genes involved in programmed death is that containing the toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems of prokaryotes. These systems are composed of an intracellular toxin and an antitoxin that neutralizes its effect. These systems, now classified into five types, were initially discovered because some of them allow the stable ...
Mruk, Iwona, Kobayashi, Ichizo
openaire   +2 more sources

Molecular stripping underpins derepression of a toxin-antitoxin system. [PDF]

Nat Struct Mol Biol
Transcription factors control gene expression; among these, transcriptional repressors must liberate the promoter for derepression to occur. Toxin-antitoxin (TA) modules are bacterial elements that autoregulate their transcription by binding the promoter in a T:A ratio-dependent manner, known as conditional cooperativity.
Grabe GJ, Giorgio RT, Wieczór M, Gollan B, Sargen M, Orozco M, Hare SA, Helaine S.   +7 more
europepmc   +3 more sources

Orphan Toxin OrtT (YdcX) of Escherichia coli Reduces Growth during the Stringent Response

Toxins, 2015
Toxin/antitoxin (TA) systems are nearly universal in prokaryotes; toxins are paired with antitoxins which inactivate them until the toxins are utilized. Here we explore whether toxins may function alone; i.e., whether a toxin which lacks a corresponding ...
Sabina Islam, Michael J. Benedik, Thomas K. Wood   +2 more
doaj   +1 more source

Characterization of a Streptococcus mutans intergenic region containing a small toxic peptide and its cis-encoded antisense small RNA antitoxin. [PDF]

PLoS ONE, 2013
Toxin-antitoxin (TA) modules consist of a pair of genes that encode two components: a protein toxin and an antitoxin, which may be in the form of either a labile protein or an antisense small RNA. Here we describe, to the best of our knowledge, the first
Stephanie Koyanagi, Céline M Lévesque
doaj   +1 more source

Stay or Go: Sulfolobales Biofilm Dispersal Is Dependent on a Bifunctional VapB Antitoxin

mBio, 2023
A type II VapB14 antitoxin regulates biofilm dispersal in the archaeal thermoacidophile Sulfolobus acidocaldarius through traditional toxin neutralization but also through noncanonical transcriptional regulation.
April M. Lewis, Daniel J. Willard, Mohamad J. H. Manesh, Shamphavi Sivabalasarma, Sonja-Verena Albers, Robert M. Kelly   +5 more
doaj   +1 more source