Results 51 to 60 of about 16,346 (193)

To be or not to be: regulation of restriction–modification systems and other toxin–antitoxin systems [PDF]

Nucleic Acids Research, 2013
One of the simplest classes of genes involved in programmed death is that containing the toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems of prokaryotes. These systems are composed of an intracellular toxin and an antitoxin that neutralizes its effect. These systems, now classified into five types, were initially discovered because some of them allow the stable ...
Mruk, Iwona, Kobayashi, Ichizo
openaire   +2 more sources

Molecular and Structural Basis of Cross-Reactivity in M. tuberculosis Toxin–Antitoxin Systems

Toxins, 2020
Mycobacterium tuberculosis genome encodes over 80 toxin–antitoxin (TA) systems. While each toxin interacts with its cognate antitoxin, the abundance of TA systems presents an opportunity for potential non-cognate interactions. TA systems mediate manifold
Himani Tandon, Akhila Melarkode Vattekatte, Narayanaswamy Srinivasan, Sankaran Sandhya   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

Bacterial retrons encode phage-sensing toxin/antitoxin systems [PDF]

, 2022
Retrons are prokaryotic genetic systems containing reverse transcriptases (RTs) that produce multiple copies of small single-stranded DNA (msDNA). Despite our understanding of the complex msDNA biosynthesis, the physiological role of retrons has ...
Bomponis, Iakovos
core   +1 more source

Diverse LXG toxin and antitoxin systems specifically mediate intraspecies competition in Bacillus subtilis biofilms.

PLoS Genetics, 2021
Biofilms are multispecies communities, in which bacteria constantly compete with one another for resources and niches. Bacteria produce many antibiotics and toxins for competition.
Kazuo Kobayashi
doaj   +1 more source

The Haemophilus influenzae HipBA toxin–antitoxin system adopts an unusual three-component regulatory mechanism

IUCrJ, 2022
Type II toxin–antitoxin (TA) systems encode two proteins: a toxin that inhibits cell growth and an antitoxin that neutralizes the toxin by direct intermolecular protein–protein interactions.
Ji Sung Koo, Sung-Min Kang, Won-Min Jung, Do-Hee Kim, Bong-Jin Lee   +4 more
doaj   +1 more source

PlantGFM: A Genomic Foundation Model for Discovery and Creation of Plant Genes

Advanced Science, EarlyView.
A plant genomic foundation model pre‐trained on 12 species enables both accurate gene prediction and de novo gene design. Through AI‐human knowledge screening, seven designed sequences showed transcriptional activity in plants, with two expressing stable proteins—demonstrating the first DNA‐RNA‐protein expression of LLM‐generated genes in plants and ...
Changhao Li, Qizhe Zhang, Hanchen Chen, Kepeng Lin, Chengfang Luo, Mengying Yang, Wei Xu, Fan Yao, Jianbing Yan, Qing‐Yong Yang, Xuehai Hu   +10 more
wiley   +1 more source

VapC Toxins from Mycobacterium tuberculosis are ribonucleases that differentially inhibit growth and are neutralized by cognate VapB antitoxins

, 2011
The chromosome of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) encodes forty seven toxin-antitoxin modules belonging to the VapBC family. The role of these modules in the physiology of Mtb and the function(s) served by their expansion are unknown.
Mizrahi, Valerie, Bhavna G Gordhan, Vickery Arcus, Diane Kuhnert, Valerie Mizrahi, Ahidjo, Bintou Ahmadou, Kuhnert, Diane, Edith E Machowski, Machowski E.E., Joanna L. Mckenzie, Garth L. Abrahams, Kuhnert D., Machowski Edith E., Abrahams, Garth L., Ahidjo B.A., Bintou Ahmadou Ahidjo, Gordhan, Bhavna G., Arcus V., Garth L Abrahams, Abrahams G.L., Machowski, Edith E., Mizrahi V., Kuhnert Diane, Ahidjo Bintou Ahmadou, McKenzie Joanna L., Arcus Vickery, Mizrahi Valerie, Edith E. Machowski, Abrahams Garth L., Gordhan B.G., McKenzie J.L., Gordhan Bhavna G., Bhavna G, Arcus, Vickery L., Bhavna G. Gordhan, McKenzie, Joanna Leigh, Joanna L McKenzie   +36 more
core   +1 more source

TASmania: A bacterial Toxin-Antitoxin Systems database

PLOS Computational Biology, 2019
Bacterial Toxin-Antitoxin systems (TAS) are involved in key biological functions including plasmid maintenance, defense against phages, persistence and virulence. They are found in nearly all phyla and classified into 6 different types based on the mode of inactivation of the toxin, with the type II TAS being the best characterized so far.
Hatice Akarsu, Patricia Bordes, Moise Mansour, Donna-Joe Bigot, Pierre Genevaux, Laurent Falquet   +5 more
openaire   +5 more sources

The Bacillus cereus spoIIS programmed cell death system

Frontiers in Microbiology, 2015
Programmed cell death in bacteria is generally associated with two¬ component toxin antitoxin systems. The SpoIIS toxin-antitoxin system, consisting of a membrane bound SpoIISA toxin and a small, cytosolic antitoxin SpoIISB, was originally identified in ...
Jana eMelnicakova, Zuzana eBecarova, Jana eMakroczyova, Imrich eBarak   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

Asking the 5 W's for designing next‐generation bioprocessing

AIChE Journal, EarlyView.
Abstract Biotechnology is expanding beyond traditional, centralized fermentation and toward next‐generation bioprocessing paradigms that emphasize flexible deployment outside the laboratory with application‐specific performance. However, many bioprocesses fail to translate beyond proof‐of‐concept into industrially viable systems because early design ...
Sangdo Yook, Karoline Maria Vieira Nogueira, Raj Sukumar, Jenna Miller, Hal S. Alper   +4 more
wiley   +1 more source