Clostridial glucosylating toxins enter cells via clathrin-mediated endocytosis. [PDF]
PLoS ONE, 2010 Clostridium difficile toxin A (TcdA) and toxin B (TcdB), C. sordellii lethal toxin (TcsL) and C. novyi alpha-toxin (TcnA) are important pathogenicity factors, which represent the family of the clostridial glucosylating toxins (CGTs).
Panagiotis Papatheodorou +4 more
doaj +1 more source
Tetra‐ versus Pentavalent Inhibitors of Cholera Toxin [PDF]
ChemistryOpen, 2015 AbstractThe five B‐subunits (CTB5) of the Vibrio cholerae (cholera) toxin can bind to the intestinal cell surface so the entire AB5 toxin can enter the cell. Simultaneous binding can occur on more than one of the monosialotetrahexosylganglioside (GM1) units present on the cell surface.
Fu, O +7 more
openaire +5 more sources
Peptide-Conjugated Pterins as Inhibitors of Ricin Toxin A [PDF]
Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 2012 Several 7-peptide-substituted pterins were synthesized and tested as competitive active-site inhibitors of ricin toxin A (RTA). Focus began on dipeptide conjugates, and these results further guided the construction of several tripeptide conjugates. The binding of these compounds to RTA was studied via a luminescence-based kinetic assay, as well as ...
Ryota, Saito +8 more
openaire +2 more sources
The secretion inhibitor Exo2 perturbs trafficking of Shiga toxin between endosomes and the trans-Golgi network [PDF]
, 2008 The small-molecule inhibitor Exo2 {4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydrol[1]benzothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)hydraz-one benzaldehyde} has been reported to disrupt the Golgi apparatus completely and to stimulate Golgi–ER (endoplasmic reticulum) fusion ...
Amessou, M +37 more
core +1 more source
Designed Azolopyridinium Salts Block Protective Antigen Pores In Vitro and Protect Cells from Anthrax Toxin [PDF]
, 2013 Background:Several intracellular acting bacterial protein toxins of the AB-type, which are known to enter cells by endocytosis, are shown to produce channels.
Barth, Holger +24 more
core +1 more source
Exploring the functional domain and the target of the tetanus toxin light chain in neurohypophysial terminals [PDF]
, 1994 The tetanus toxin light chain blocks calcium induced vasopressin release from neurohypophysial nerve terminals. Here we show that histidine residue 233 within the putative zinc binding motif of the tetanus toxin light chain is essential for the ...
Weller, U. +7 more
core +1 more source
SjAPI, the first functionally characterized Ascaris-type protease inhibitor from animal venoms. [PDF]
PLoS ONE, 2013 Serine protease inhibitors act as modulators of serine proteases, playing important roles in protecting animal toxin peptides from degradation. However, all known serine protease inhibitors discovered thus far from animal venom belong to the Kunitz-type ...
Zongyun Chen +7 more
doaj +1 more source
Fighting Shigella by Blocking Its Disease-Causing Toxin [PDF]
, 2021 Shiga toxin is an AB5 toxin produced by Shigella species, while related toxins are produced by Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC). Infection by Shigella can lead to bloody diarrhea followed by the often fatal hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS ...
Haksar, Diksha +12 more
core +2 more sources
p38 mediates T-2 toxin-induced Leydig cell testosterone synthesis disorder
Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 2023 T-2 toxin is an unavoidable food and feed contaminant that seriously threatens human and animal health. Exposure to T-2 toxin can cause testosterone synthesis disorder in male animals, but the molecular mechanism is still not completely clear.
Xu Yang +9 more
doaj +1 more source
Pharmaceuticals, 2022 The main protease (Mpro) is a potential druggable target in SARS-CoV-2 replication. Herein, an in silico study was conducted to mine for Mpro inhibitors from toxin sources.
Mahmoud A. A. Ibrahim +11 more
doaj +1 more source