Results 171 to 180 of about 85,493 (199)
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2008
Abstract Over the course of the past 20 years, there has been a growing appreciation for the role of glial cells as active participants in synaptic transmission. First thought to be the glue that fastened nerve cells together, glia cells serve a variety of functions in the nervous system.
Michael M. Halassa, Philip G. Haydon
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Abstract Over the course of the past 20 years, there has been a growing appreciation for the role of glial cells as active participants in synaptic transmission. First thought to be the glue that fastened nerve cells together, glia cells serve a variety of functions in the nervous system.
Michael M. Halassa, Philip G. Haydon
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Modeling synaptic transmission of the tripartite synapse
Physical Biology, 2007The tripartite synapse denotes the junction of a pre- and postsynaptic neuron modulated by a synaptic astrocyte. Enhanced transmission probability and frequency of the postsynaptic current-events are among the significant effects of the astrocyte on the synapse as experimentally characterized by several groups.
Suhita, Nadkarni, Peter, Jung
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Tripartite synapses: glia, the unacknowledged partner
Trends in Neurosciences, 1999According to the classical view of the nervous system, the numerically superior glial cells have inferior roles in that they provide an ideal environment for neuronal-cell function. However, there is a wave of new information suggesting that glia are intimately involved in the active control of neuronal activity and synaptic neurotransmission.
A, Araque +3 more
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The Carotid Body “Tripartite Synapse”: Role of Gliotransmission
2023In mammals, cardiorespiratory reflexes originating in the carotid body (CB) help maintain homeostasis by matching oxygen supply to oxygen demand. CB output to the brainstem is shaped by synaptic interactions at a "tripartite synapse" consisting of chemosensory (type I) cells, abutting glial-like (type II) cells, and sensory (petrosal) nerve terminals ...
Erin M, Leonard, Colin A, Nurse
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Gliotransmission at Tripartite Synapses
2019Signal exchange between astrocytes and neurons at tripartite synapses has emerged as a crucial element of neural circuits in the brain. The position of astrocyte processes facing synapses provides the proper structural and functional conditions for neuron-astrocyte communication giving rise to the concept of “tripartite synapse”.
Candela González-Arias, Gertrudis Perea
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Necl2/3-mediated mechanism for tripartite synapse formation
Development, 2023ABSTRACT Ramified, polarized protoplasmic astrocytes interact with synapses via perisynaptic astrocyte processes (PAPs) to form tripartite synapses. These astrocyte-synapse interactions mutually regulate their structures and functions. However, molecular mechanisms for tripartite synapse formation remain elusive. We developed an in vitro
Osamu Nozawa +13 more
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Methods in Molecular Biology, 2019 Astrocytes are known to provide trophic support to neurons and were originally thought to be passive space-filling cells in the brain. However, recent advances in astrocyte development and functions have highlighted their active roles in controlling ...
Sandeep Singh
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The tripartite synapse: roles for gliotransmission in health and disease
Trends in Molecular Medicine, 2007In addition to being essential supporters of neuronal function, astrocytes are now recognized as active elements in the brain. Astrocytes sense and integrate synaptic activity and, depending on intracellular Ca(2+) levels, release gliotransmitters (e.g. glutamate, d-serine and ATP) that have feedback actions on neurons. Recent experimental results have
Michael M, Halassa +2 more
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Purinergic Signaling at Tripartite Synapses
2019Astrocytes modulate synaptic transmission and plasticity via the release of gliotransmitters. ATP release by astrocytes and its chief metabolite, adenosine mediate astrocyte-neuron crosstalk through a plethora of ionotropic and metabotropic purinergic receptors and provide a unique framework that enables bidirectional modulation of neuronal ...
Anup Pillai, Suhita Nadkarni
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Hardware Tripartite Synapse Architecture based on Stochastic Computing
2019 International Symposium on Theoretical Aspects of Software Engineering (TASE), 2019Research showed that the tripartite synapse has the capability of self-repairing in the spiking neural networks (SNNs), where the interactions between astrocyte, neuron and synapse underpin this mechanism. It has been used for the hardware electronic systems to enhance the fault-tolerant abilities, especially for the critical task applications.
Junxiu Liu +4 more
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