Results 211 to 220 of about 92,054 (252)
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Xist and X chromosome inactivation
Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, 1998X inactivation acts in female mammals to equalise X-linked gene dosage between XX females and XY males. X inactivation is controlled by a single X-linked cis-acting locus called the X inactivation centre (Xic). In 1991 the Xist gene was identified as a candidate for the Xic. Xist is expressed in all adult female tissues, but only from the allele on the
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X chromosome inactivation: A hypothesis
BioEssays, 1988AbstractX‐chromosome inactivation refers to the coordinate regulation of almost all genes on the mammalian × chromosome. Most models for × chromosome inactivation suppose a role for methylation of × chromosome DNA sequences and/or the heterochromatinization of large «domains» of the × chromosome containing many genes.1 Some recent work concerning the ...
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2013
The dimorphism of the sex chromosomes has led to some of the most dramatic epigenetic phenomena known in order to achieve dosage compensation between the sexes. Mammalian X-chromosome inactivation (XCI) requires the differential treatment of two essentially identical chromosomes in the same nuclear environment.
Wendy P. Robinson +4 more
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The dimorphism of the sex chromosomes has led to some of the most dramatic epigenetic phenomena known in order to achieve dosage compensation between the sexes. Mammalian X-chromosome inactivation (XCI) requires the differential treatment of two essentially identical chromosomes in the same nuclear environment.
Wendy P. Robinson +4 more
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Mammalian X Chromosome Inactivation
1992The initial step in mammalian sexual differentiation is based on the XX: XY chromosomal system. In order to function properly, this chromosomal mechanism must be regulated to eliminate the aneuploidy effects in somatic tissues and still insure normal sexual differentiation and development.
S M, Gartler, K A, Dyer, M A, Goldman
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X-chromosome inactivation in mammals
Cell, 1982+ y2a). The immune response to trinitrophenol-Ficoll, a T-cell-independent type II antigen, has been analyzed at the B-cell level (Mongini et al., JEM 755, 884-902, 1982). Following hyperimmunization with trinitrophenol-Ficoll, B-cell clones were isolated by the splenic focus technique in irradiated nude mouse recipients. All B-cell clones expressed mu,
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Imprinting and X-Chromosome Inactivation
1999In normal female mammals one of the two X-chromosomes in every somatic cell is inactive i.e. it fails to transcribe RNA (reviews Gartler et al. 1992; Migeon 1994; Lyon 1996). The result of this is that chromosomally XX females and XY males both effectively have a single dosage of the products of X-linked genes.
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1985
Female mammals have two X-chromosomes, but male mammals have only one X-chromosome. This could result in females having twice as many X-chromosome transcripts as males, but this does not occur because one of the X-chromosomes is largely inactive. (The tip of the short arm of both X-chromosomes is active.) The inactive X-chromosome is highly condensed ...
Roger L. P. Adams, Roy H. Burdon
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Female mammals have two X-chromosomes, but male mammals have only one X-chromosome. This could result in females having twice as many X-chromosome transcripts as males, but this does not occur because one of the X-chromosomes is largely inactive. (The tip of the short arm of both X-chromosomes is active.) The inactive X-chromosome is highly condensed ...
Roger L. P. Adams, Roy H. Burdon
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Nonrandom X Chromosome Inactivation Detection
Current Protocols, 2023AbstractX chromosome inactivation patterns may be clinically useful in assessing tumor clonality, determining carrier status for certain X‐linked disorders, and evaluating the pathogenicity of a genetic variant identified in an X‐linked gene. The protocols in this article utilize the highly polymorphic trinucleotide repeat within the first exon of the ...
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1999
We have known for the greater part of the 20th century that mammalian females and males differ in both number and kind of sex chromosomes. While females have two X-chromosomes (XX), males have one X- and one Y-chromosome (XY). Both the X and Y carry genes that enhance female and male reproductive function, respectively.
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We have known for the greater part of the 20th century that mammalian females and males differ in both number and kind of sex chromosomes. While females have two X-chromosomes (XX), males have one X- and one Y-chromosome (XY). Both the X and Y carry genes that enhance female and male reproductive function, respectively.
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Studies of X-chromosome inactivation in trisomies
Cytogenetics and Cell Genetics, 1989Previous studies of human triploidy have implicated the autosomes in the regulation of activity of X-linked genes. To determine if the influence of the extra autosomal set in triploids was attributable to a specific autosomal gene, we examined the pattern of DNA replication in females trisomic for 18 of the possible 22 autosomal trisomies.
P A, Jacobs, B R, Migeon
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