Results 41 to 50 of about 416 (114)
British Journal of Pharmacology, Volume 177, Issue 7, Page 1497-1513, April 2020., 2020 ▪ Background and Purpose Mitragyna speciosa, more commonly known as kratom, is a plant that contains opioidergic alkaloids but is unregulated in most countries. Kratom is used in the self‐medication of chronic pain and to reduce illicit and prescription opioid dependence.
Anna M. Gutridge +8 more
wiley +1 more source
A Case of Kratom Overdose in a Pediatric Patient
Case Reports in Psychiatry, Volume 2020, Issue 1, 2020., 2020 Kratom is a synthetic opioid that is federally unregulated and thus available for purchase through online retail and smoke shops in most states. Due to its availability, there is concern for misuse in the pediatric population. There is existing literature describing toxicity of kratom in adults; yet, to the best of our knowledge, there are no cases ...
Andrew Wong +2 more
wiley +1 more source
Evaluating kratom alkaloids using PHASE.
PLoS ONE, 2020 Kratom is a botanical substance that is marketed and promoted in the US for pharmaceutical opioid indications despite having no US Food and Drug Administration approved uses.
Christopher R Ellis +9 more
doaj +1 more source
The FASEB Journal, 2021 Our group has demonstrated that the primary kratom alkaloid mitragynine (MG) is metabolized in vivo into 7‐hydroxymitragynine (7‐OH‐MG), which is in turn converted into MG pseudoindoxyl (MG‐P). Here we compared their µ‐opioid receptor (MOR) pharmacology and contribution of the two metabolites
Morgan Crowley +15 more
openaire +1 more source
Plant-Based Indole Alkaloids: A Comprehensive Overview from a Pharmacological Perspective
Molecules, 2021 Plant-based indole alkaloids are very rich in pharmacological activities, and the indole nucleus is considered to contribute greatly to these activities.
Faisal Omar +6 more
doaj +1 more source
A Case Report of Kratom-Induced Psychiatric Decompensation
European Psychiatry, 2022 Introduction Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) is an herb found in South East Asia belonging to the Rubiacea family, the active constituents being Mitragynine and 7-hydroxymitragynine. Sold as a dietary supplement in the form of a leaf, tablet, and powder, it
E. Garrels +3 more
doaj +1 more source
Kratom Abuse Potential 2021: An Updated Eight Factor Analysis
Frontiers in Pharmacology, 2022 Drugs are regulated in the United States (US) by the Controlled Substances Act (CSA) if assessment of their abuse potential, including public health risks, show such control is warranted.
Jack E. Henningfield +2 more
doaj +1 more source
BioMed Research International, Volume 2015, Issue 1, 2015., 2015 The use of substances to enhance human abilities is a constant and cross‐cultural feature in the evolution of humanity. Although much has changed over time, the availability on the Internet, often supported by misleading marketing strategies, has made their use even more likely and risky.
Eduardo Cinosi +15 more
wiley +1 more source
Kratom use disorder as a gateway to an opioid use disorder
European Psychiatry, 2023 Introduction Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) is a psychoactive substance native to Thailand and Southeast Asia with stimulant-like effects at lower doses and opioid-like effects at higher doses.
A. C. Borges, D. Machado
doaj +1 more source
The Scientific World Journal, Volume 2013, Issue 1, 2013., 2013 This study aimed to determine the effects of different concentrations and combinations of the phytohormones 2,4‐dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4‐D), kinetin, 6‐benzylaminopurine (BAP), and 1‐naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) on callus induction and to demonstrate the role of elicitors and exogenous precursors on the production of mitragynine in a Mitragyna ...
Nor Nahazima Mohamad Zuldin +10 more
wiley +1 more source