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Brain Organoids and Assembloids—From Disease Modeling to Drug Discovery [PDF]

Cells
Brain organoids are self-organized, three-dimensional (3D) aggregates derived from human embryonic stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, or primary organs with cell types and cellular architectures resembling those of the developing human brain ...
Aderonke O. Ajongbolo, Sigrid A. Langhans   +1 more
doaj   +3 more sources

Preconfigured neuronal firing sequences in human brain organoids. [PDF]

Nat Neurosci
Neuronal firing sequences are thought to be the building blocks of information and broadcasting within the brain. Yet, it remains unclear when these sequences emerge during neurodevelopment.
van der Molen T, Spaeth A, Chini M, Hernandez S, Kaurala GA, Schweiger HE, Duncan C, McKenna S, Geng J, Lim M, Bartram J, Gänswein T, Dendukuri A, Zhang Z, Gonzalez-Ferrer J, Bhaskaran-Nair K, Morson AL, Harder CRK, Petzold LR, Alam El Din DM, Laird J, Schenke M, Smirnova L, Colquitt BM, Mostajo-Radji MA, Hansma PK, Teodorescu M, Hierlemann A, Hengen KB, Hanganu-Opatz IL, Kosik KS, Sharf T.   +31 more
europepmc   +2 more sources

Brain organoids: Establishment and application

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, 2022
Brain organoids are produced by the differentiation of pluripotent stem cells under three-dimensional culture conditions by adding neurodevelopment-related regulatory signals. They are similar to the cell composition and anatomical structure of the brain,
Hao Chen, Xin Jin, Tie Li, Zhuang Ye
doaj   +3 more sources

The Application of Brain Organoids: From Neuronal Development to Neurological Diseases

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, 2020
Brain organoids are derived from induced pluripotent stem cells and embryonic stem cells under three-dimensional culture condition. The generation of an organoid requires the self-assembly of stem cells, progenitor cells, and multiple types of ...
Yikai Shou, Yikai Shou, Yikai Shou, Feng Liang, Shunliang Xu, Xuekun Li, Xuekun Li, Xuekun Li   +7 more
doaj   +3 more sources

Emerging brain organoids: 3D models to decipher, identify and revolutionize brain

Bioactive Materials
Brain organoids are an emerging in vitro 3D brain model that is integrated from pluripotent stem cells. This model mimics the human brain’s developmental process and disease-related phenotypes to a certain extent while advancing the development of human ...
Yuli Zhao, Ting Wang, Jiajun Liu, Ze Wang, Yuan Lu   +4 more
doaj   +2 more sources

Electrophysiological Analysis of Brain Organoids: Current Approaches and Advancements

Frontiers in Neuroscience, 2021
Brain organoids, or cerebral organoids, have become widely used to study the human brain in vitro. As pluripotent stem cell-derived structures capable of self-organization and recapitulation of physiological cell types and architecture, brain organoids ...
Austin P. Passaro, Austin P. Passaro, Steven L. Stice, Steven L. Stice, Steven L. Stice   +4 more
doaj   +3 more sources

Limitations of human brain organoids to study neurodegenerative diseases: a manual to survive

Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience
In 2013, M. Lancaster described the first protocol to obtain human brain organoids. These organoids, usually generated from human-induced pluripotent stem cells, can mimic the three-dimensional structure of the human brain.
Fabio Cavaliere, Chiara Magliaro, Cavaliere Fabio   +2 more
exaly   +2 more sources

Multi-Region Brain Organoids Integrating Cerebral, Mid-Hindbrain, and Endothelial Systems. [PDF]

Adv Sci (Weinh)
Brain organoid technology has revolutionized the ability to model human neurodevelopment in vitro. However, current techniques remain limited by their reliance on simplified endothelial cell populations.
Kshirsagar A, Mnatsakanyan H, Kulkarni S, Guo J, Cheng K, Ofria LD, Bohra O, Sagar R, Mahairaki V, Badr CE, Kathuria A.   +10 more
europepmc   +2 more sources

Human Brain Organoids: Development and Applications. [PDF]

J Microbiol Biotechnol
Brain organoids are three-dimensional structures generated from pluripotent stem cells, closely resembling the embryonic human brain. They exhibit gene expression patterns and signaling pathways similar to those in the developing human brain ...
Hongxi W, Ruting W, Yiyang L, Qinglian H, Jibing C, Feng J.   +5 more
europepmc   +2 more sources

From Brain Organoids to Networking Assembloids: Implications for Neuroendocrinology and Stress Medicine

Frontiers in Physiology, 2021
Brain organoids are three-dimensional cultures that contain multiple types of cells and cytoarchitectures, and resemble fetal human brain structurally and functionally. These organoids are being used increasingly to model brain development and disorders,
Evanthia A. Makrygianni, George P. Chrousos, George P. Chrousos   +2 more
doaj   +3 more sources