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The many roles of the transcriptional regulator CTCF
Biochemistry and Cell Biology, 2003The nuclear factor CTCF was first identified as one of the factors binding to the regulatory regions of the c-myc gene. Further study of this protein revealed roles in transcriptional repression, insulator function, and imprinting genetic information. Recent studies have provided new insight into the mechanism through which this factor acts at various
Katherine L, Dunn, James R, Davie
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A tour of 3D genome with a focus on CTCF
Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology, 2019The complex three-dimensional (3D) structure of the genome plays critical roles in the maintenance of genome stability, organization, and dynamics and in regulation of gene expression for understanding molecular mechanisms and diseases. Chromatin maintains biological functions and transcriptional activities through long distance interaction and ...
Diane C, Wang +3 more
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CTCF–CTCF loops and intra-TAD interactions show differential dependence on cohesin ring integrity
Nature Cell Biology, 2022The ring-like cohesin complex mediates sister-chromatid cohesion by encircling pairs of sister chromatids. Cohesin also extrudes loops along chromatids. Whether the two activities involve similar mechanisms of DNA engagement is not known. We implemented an experimental approach based on isolated nuclei carrying engineered cleavable RAD21 proteins to ...
Yu Liu, Job Dekker
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CTCF and BORIS in genome regulation and cancer
Current Opinion in Genetics & Development, 2014CTCF plays a vital role in chromatin structure and function. CTCF is ubiquitously expressed and plays diverse roles in gene regulation, imprinting, insulation, intra/interchromosomal interactions, nuclear compartmentalisation, and alternative splicing. CTCF has a single paralogue, the testes-specific CTCF-like gene (CTCFL)/BORIS.
Amy D, Marshall +2 more
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Roles of CTCF in conformation and functions of chromosome
Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology, 2019CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) plays indispensable roles in transcriptional inhibition/activation, insulation, gene imprinting, and regulation of 3Dchromatin structure. CTCF contributes to formation of genome multi-dimensions, regulation of dimensional changes, or control of central signals to transcriptional networks.
Fangming, Liu +2 more
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Setting new boundaries with transcription and CTCF
Nature Genetics, 2020How do boundary elements divide chromosomes into domains? A new study uses random genomic insertions to show how small genomic fragments can shape chromatin folding through the interplay of loop extrusion and compartmentalization. Spoiler: context matters.
Erika C. Anderson, Elphège P. Nora
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Dissecting the functional roles of CTCF and CTCF-s in human embryonic stem cells
Journal of Genetics and GenomicsCTCF is a highly conserved zinc finger protein that plays critical roles in transcriptional regulation and three-dimensional (3D) genome organization. An alternative splice isoform of CTCF (CTCF-s), lacking the N-terminal domain and 2.5 zinc fingers, competes with CTCF for genomic occupancy and reduces CTCF-mediated chromatin interactions. However, the
Hongxin Zhong +5 more
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Jpx RNA regulates CTCF anchor site selection and formation of chromosome loops
Cell, 2021Hyun Jung Oh +2 more
exaly
Genetics and Epigenetics of the Multifunctional Protein CTCF
2007Recent advances in studying long-range chromatin interactions have shifted focus from the transcriptional regulation by nearby regulatory elements to recognition of the role of higher-order chromatin organization within the nucleus. These advances have also suggested that CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF), a known chromatin insulator protein, may play a ...
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