Results 71 to 80 of about 145,959 (288)

A Sweet Talk: The Molecular Systems of Perineuronal Nets in Controlling Neuronal Communication

Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience, 2017
Perineuronal nets (PNNs) are mesh-like structures, composed of a hierarchical assembly of extracellular matrix molecules in the central nervous system (CNS), ensheathing neurons and regulating plasticity.
Heleen M. van 't Spijker, Jessica C. F. Kwok, Jessica C. F. Kwok   +2 more
doaj   +1 more source

Subcellular sorting of neuregulins controls the assembly of excitatory-inhibitory cortical circuits

eLife, 2020
The assembly of specific neuronal circuits relies on the expression of complementary molecular programs in presynaptic and postsynaptic neurons. In the cerebral cortex, the tyrosine kinase receptor ErbB4 is critical for the wiring of specific populations
David Exposito-Alonso, Catarina Osório, Clémence Bernard, Sandra Pascual-García, Isabel del Pino, Oscar Marín, Beatriz Rico   +6 more
doaj   +1 more source

Multiple types of control by identified interneurons in a sensory-activated rhythmic motor pattern. [PDF]

, 2001
Modulatory interneurons that can drive central pattern generators (CPGs) are considered as good candidates for decision-making roles in rhythmic behaviors.
Benjamin, Paul R, Kemenes, György, Staras, Kevin   +2 more
core   +2 more sources

Engineered Living Systems With Self‐Organizing Neural Networks: From Anatomy to Behavior and Gene Expression

Advanced Science, EarlyView.
Ectodermal tissue excised from Xenopus embryos self‐organizes into a three‐dimensional mucociliary organoid. Here, we generate a neural variant, termed neurobot, by implanting neural precursor cells. Neurobots develop mature neurons, adopt distinct morphologies, exhibit more complex motility, and respond differentially to neuroactive compounds. Imaging
Haleh Fotowat, Laurie O'Neill, Léo Pio‐Lopez, Megan M. Sperry, Patrick Erickson, Tiffany Lin, Michael Levin   +6 more
wiley   +1 more source

Local axonal morphology guides the topography of interneuron myelination in mouse and human neocortex

eLife, 2019
GABAergic fast-spiking parvalbumin-positive (PV) interneurons are frequently myelinated in the cerebral cortex. However, the factors governing the topography of cortical interneuron myelination remain incompletely understood.
Jeffrey Stedehouder, Demi Brizee, Johan A Slotman, Maria Pascual-Garcia, Megan L Leyrer, Bibi LJ Bouwen, Clemens MF Dirven, Zhenyu Gao, David M Berson, Adriaan B Houtsmuller, Steven A Kushner   +10 more
doaj   +1 more source

Encoding of Tactile Stimuli by Mechanoreceptors and Interneurons of the Medicinal Leech [PDF]

, 2016
For many animals processing of tactile information is a crucial task in behavioral contexts like exploration, foraging, and stimulus avoidance. The leech, having infrequent access to food, developed an energy efficient reaction to tactile stimuli ...
Fathiazar, Elham, Hilgen, Gerrit, Kretzberg, Jutta, Pirschel, Friederice   +3 more
core   +4 more sources

Temporal and Cell‐Specific Regulation of Synaptic Homeostasis by the Chromatin Remodeler Chd1

Advanced Science, EarlyView.
Chd1, the Drosophila homologue of mammalian CHD2 ‐ a gene linked to autism, epilepsy, and intellectual disability, is required for synaptic homeostatic plasticity. Chd1 in glia is necessary for the rapid induction of synaptic homeostasis, whereas Chd1 in motoneurons, muscle, and glia is critical for long‐term maintenance.
Danielle T. Morency, Tao Cui, Yimei Cai, Chloe Lok, Rachel E. Nokku, Ruoxian Huang, Grace L. Chu, Yumeng Xie, Saleem W. Abu‐Tayeh, Kaikai He, Chengjie Qiu, Junyi Wang, Paxton M. Paganelli, Ting Wang, Gabrielle Williams, Sreejith Nair, Huadong Pei, Dion K. Dickman, Stefano Vicini, Tingting Wang   +19 more
wiley   +1 more source

Perineuronal nets control visual input via thalamic recruitment of cortical PV interneurons

eLife, 2018
In the neocortex, critical periods (CPs) of plasticity are closed following the accumulation of perineuronal nets (PNNs) around parvalbumin (PV)-positive inhibitory interneurons. However, how PNNs tune cortical function and plasticity is unknown.
Giulia Faini, Andrea Aguirre, Silvia Landi, Didi Lamers, Tommaso Pizzorusso, Gian Michele Ratto, Charlotte Deleuze, Alberto Bacci   +7 more
doaj   +1 more source

Substance P-expressing excitatory interneurons in the mouse superficial dorsal horn provide a propriospinal input to the lateral spinal nucleus [PDF]

, 2018
The superficial dorsal horn (laminae I and II) of the spinal cord contains numerous excitatory and inhibitory interneurons, and recent studies have shown that each of these groups can be divided into several neurochemically distinct populations. Although
Bell, Andrew M., Gutierrez-Mecinas, Maria, Hérau, Marine, Polgár, Erika, Todd, Andrew J.   +4 more
core   +1 more source

Ultrasound Modulation of Visual Circuits in Mice Independent of Auditory Confound

Advanced Science, EarlyView.
In this study, Qiu et al. found that low‐intensity ultrasound can directly activate sparse ultrasound‐sensitive neurons (UNs) in the primary visual cortex (V1) of deafened mice. The proportion of these sparse UNs is pressure‐dependent. Furthermore, ultrasound modulates visual circuitry with distinct excitatory and inhibitory effects.
Jiaru He, Jiejun Zhu, Xinxin Wang, Zihao Chen, Jin Yang, Zhen Yuan, Hongzhi Xu, Lei Sun, Zhihai Qiu   +8 more
wiley   +1 more source