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Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors (PDE Inhibitors) and Male Reproduction
2017The nonspecific PDE inhibitors, particularly the methylxanthines: caffeine, pentoxifylline (PTX), and theophylline, are known to stimulate sperm motility in vitro and have been used to treat sperm prior to insemination. The in vivo effects are less dramatic.
Erma Z. Drobnis, Ajay K. Nangia
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Pharmacology of Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors
2005The second messengers cyclic 3′,5′ adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic 3′,5′ guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) play a key role in mediating a variety of functional responses to hormones and other cellular transmitters. Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are intracellular enzymes that specifically catalyze the hydrolysis of these second messengers.
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1 Phosphodiesterase Type IV Inhibitors
1996Publisher Summary This chapter summarizes the biochemistry, molecular biology, regulation, and pharmacology of phosphodiesterase IV (PDE IV). The structure–activity relationships (SARs) of known groups of compounds against PDE IV are discussed in detail, as are the in vitro and in vivo actions of PDE IV inhibitors, which have led to the current ...
John E. Souness +1 more
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Phosphodiesterase‐5 Inhibitors and Migraine
Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain, 2004Evans, Randolph W +1 more
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Phosphodiesterases and Their Inhibitors
2014Andrew Simon Bell, Spiros Liras
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