Results 91 to 100 of about 18,065 (250)

Model‐based evaluation of the interaction between ritonavir‐boosted atazanavir and rifampicin in Ugandan adults with HIV

British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, Volume 91, Issue 12, Page 3471-3481, December 2025.
Aim Concomitant treatment of tuberculosis (TB) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is complicated by drug‐drug interactions (DDI). This analysis aimed to characterize the DDI between ritonavir‐boosted atazanavir (ATV/r) and rifampicin in plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC).
Allan Kengo, Juan Eduardo Resendiz‐Galvan, Letisha Najjemba, Henry Mugerwa, Amedeo De Nicolò, Antonio D'Avolio, Shakir Atoyebi, Lubbe Wiesner, Elin M. Svensson, Catriona Waitt, Paolo Denti   +10 more
wiley   +1 more source

Probiotics mixture reinforces barrier function to ameliorate necrotizing enterocolitis by regulating PXR-JNK pathway

Cell & Bioscience, 2021
Background Intestinal dysbiosis is believed to be one of the factors inducing neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Probiotics have been employed to treat NEC in a number of animal experiments and clinical trials, and some significant benefits of ...
Xiuhao Zhao, Jin Zhou, Wenhua Liang, Qingfeng Sheng, Li Lu, Tong Chen, Jianglong Chen, Kezhe Tan, Zhibao Lv   +8 more
doaj   +1 more source

Pregnane X receptor polymorphisms associated with human diseases

Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets, 2013
Pregnane X receptor (PXR) belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily and is mostly expressed in liver and intestine. PXR is activated by a wide range of compounds, including drugs, and regulates the transcription of numerous metabolic enzymes implicated in cellular response to xenobiotics. Genetic variation in the PXR gene may influence a wide
Kotta-Loizou, I., Patsouris, E., Theocharis, S.   +2 more
openaire   +3 more sources

The Structural Basis of Pregnane X Receptor Binding Promiscuity [PDF]

Biochemistry, 2009
The steroid and xenobiotic-responsive human pregnane X receptor (PXR) binds a broad range of structurally diverse compounds. The structures of the apo and ligand-bound forms of PXR are very similar, in contrast to most promiscuous proteins that generally adapt their shape to different ligands. We investigated the structural origins of PXR's recognition
Chi-Ho, Ngan, Dmitri, Beglov, Aleksandra N, Rudnitskaya, Dima, Kozakov, David J, Waxman, Sandor, Vajda   +5 more
openaire   +2 more sources

Challenges in optimizing tacrolimus therapy in patients treated with rifampin: A case series

British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, Volume 91, Issue 12, Page 3542-3548, December 2025.
Tacrolimus is a cornerstone immunosuppressant in transplantation medicine with a narrow therapeutic window. Drug–drug interactions with strong CYP3A4 and P‐glycoprotein modulators, such as rifampin and azole antifungals, significantly alter tacrolimus exposure and complicate therapy. Two transplant cases illustrates the impact of rifampin on tacrolimus
Jeroen P. A. Houwen, Aurelia H. M. de Vries Schultink, Bas J. M. Peters, Dieuwertje Ruigrok, Rob H. J. Schönwetter, Esther V. Uijtendaal, Maaike A. Sikma   +6 more
wiley   +1 more source

Constitutive androstane receptor 1 is constitutively bound to chromatin and ‘primed’ for transactivation in hepatocytes [PDF]

, 2018
The constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) is a xenobiotic sensor expressed in hepatocytes that activates genes involved in drug metabolism, lipid homeostasis, and cell proliferation.
Acosta-Jimenez, Lourdes, Ding, Shaohong, Gerard, Marie-Apolline, Henderson, Colin J., McMahon, Michael, Moggs, Jonathan G., Terranova, Remi, Vitobello, Antonio, Wolf, C. Ronald   +8 more
core   +2 more sources

The Nuclear Pregnane X Receptor Regulates Xenobiotic Detoxification [PDF]

The Journal of Nutrition, 2003
The pregnane X receptor (PXR), which is a member of the nuclear receptor family of ligand-activated transcription factors, is an integral component of the body's defense mechanism against toxic xenobiotics. PXR is activated by a broad spectrum of lipophilic xenobiotics including prescription drugs, herbs, pesticides, endocrine disruptors and other ...
openaire   +2 more sources

Pregnane X receptor promotes ethanol-induced hepatosteatosis in mice [PDF]

Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2018
The pregnane X receptor (PXR, NR1I2) is a xenobiotic-sensing nuclear receptor that modulates the metabolic response to drugs and toxic agents. Both PXR activation and deficiency promote hepatic triglyceride accumulation, a hallmark feature of alcoholic liver disease.
Sora, Choi, Prince, Neequaye, Samuel W, French, Frank J, Gonzalez, Maxwell A, Gyamfi   +4 more
openaire   +2 more sources

The Blood–Brain Barrier as an Integration Hub in Alzheimer's Disease: How Microbiota Metabolites Modulate Central Signal Processing

CNS Neuroscience &Therapeutics, Volume 31, Issue 12, December 2025.
The review reframes the blood–brain barrier as an active integrator of microbiota‐derived signals that shape vulnerability to Alzheimer's disease. Viewing the BBB as a dynamic processing interface between gut and brain clarifies why identical metabolite patterns yield different outcomes and opens new opportunities for earlier diagnosis and targeted ...
O. Giangiulio, R. Maccarone
wiley   +1 more source

Constitutive androstane receptor and pregnane X receptor genotype influence efavirenz plasma concentration and CYP2B6 enzyme activity

Scientific Reports, 2022
Efavirenz is metabolized by CYP2B6, an inducible enzyme whose expression is regulated by the constitutive androstane receptor and pregnane X receptor nuclear receptors. CAR and PXR are encoded by genetically polymorphic NR1I2 and NR1I3, respectively.
Zelalem Petros, Abiy Habtewold, Eyasu Makonnen, Eleni Aklillu   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source