Racemases and epimerases operating through a 1,1-proton transfer mechanism: reactivity, mechanism and inhibition. [PDF]
Chem Soc Rev, 2021 Racemases and epimerases using a deprotonation/reprotonation mechanism are important drug targets and have important biotechnological applications. This review focuses on the reactivity, mechanism, and inhibition of these versatile enzymes.
Lloyd MD +5 more
europepmc +12 more sources
Uncovering a superfamily of nickel-dependent hydroxyacid racemases and epimerases. [PDF]
Sci Rep, 2020 AbstractIsomerization reactions are fundamental in biology. Lactate racemase, which isomerizes L- and D-lactate, is composed of the LarA protein and a nickel-containing cofactor, the nickel-pincer nucleotide (NPN). In this study, we show that LarA is part of a superfamily containing many different enzymes.
Desguin B +8 more
europepmc +8 more sources
Molecular and Mechanistic Characterization of PddB, the First PLP-Independent 2,4-Diaminobutyric Acid Racemase Discovered in an Actinobacterial D-Amino Acid Homopolymer Biosynthesis [PDF]
Frontiers in Microbiology, 2021 We recently disclosed that the biosynthesis of antiviral γ-poly-D-2,4-diaminobutyric acid (poly-D-Dab) in Streptoalloteichus hindustanus involves an unprecedented cofactor independent stereoinversion of Dab catalyzed by PddB, which shows weak homology to
Kazuya Yamanaka +5 more
doaj +5 more sources
Overcoming barriers for investigating nickel-pincer nucleotide cofactor-related enzymes [PDF]
mBioThe nickel-pincer nucleotide (NPN) cofactor is a modified pyridinium mononucleotide that tri-coordinates nickel and is crucial for the activity of certain racemases and epimerases. LarB, LarC, and LarE are responsible for NPN synthesis, with the cofactor
Jorge L. Nevarez +5 more
doaj +2 more sources
Structure and inhibition of diaminopimelic acid epimerase by slow-binding α-methyl amino acids. [PDF]
Protein SciAbstract Cofactor‐independent racemases and epimerases produce D‐amino acids from their L‐isomers for a variety of biological processes. These enzymes operate via an unusual mechanism that relies on an active site cysteine thiolate (pKa ~ 8.5) to deprotonate an amino acid α‐carbon (pKa ~ 29) and are of interest not only because of their biocatalytic ...
Lamer T +8 more
europepmc +2 more sources
Genomic context analysis enables the discovery of an unusual NAD-dependent racemase in phosphonate catabolism. [PDF]
FEBS JThe authors identify PbfF (previously annotated as a NAD‐dependent dehydrogenase) as a hitherto unknown enzyme in phosphonate catabolism. Guided by genome context analysis, they show that PbfF is actually a racemase, serving to degrade the natural compound (S)‐2‐amino‐1‐hydroxyethylphosphonate (S‐HAEP).
Ruffolo F +8 more
europepmc +2 more sources
The conundrum in enzymatic reactions related to biosynthesis of d-amino acids in bacteria. [PDF]
FEBS J, 2022 The synthesis of peptidoglycan in the hyperthermophile and anaerobic Gram‐negative bacterium Thermotoga maritima requires the d‐enantiomer of the amino acid glutamate. Since this bacterium does not possess a broad‐spectrum racemase to convert l‐amino acids into d‐amino acids, a versatile enzyme, named TM0831, evolved the ability to catalyse both a d ...
Pollegioni L, Molla G.
europepmc +2 more sources
Biocatalytic Synthesis Using Self‐Assembled Polymeric Nano‐ and Microreactors
Angewandte Chemie, Volume 134, Issue 52, December 23, 2022., 2022 The use of polymeric systems for bioconversion is an efficient and recyclable technology for the future industry due to its zero‐pollution features. This Review focuses on self‐assembled polymeric nano‐ and micro‐sized structures and their application as biocatalytic reactors for chemical synthesis, including polymersomes, reverse micelles, polymer ...
Yangxin Wang +3 more
wiley +2 more sources
Identification, Purification, and Characterization of a Novel Amino Acid Racemase, Isoleucine 2-Epimerase, from Lactobacillus Species [PDF]
Journal of Bacteriology, 2013 ABSTRACT Accumulation of d -leucine, d - allo -isoleucine, and d -valine was observed in the growth medium of a lactic acid bacterium, Lactobacillus otakiensis JCM 15040, and the racemase responsible was ...
Yuta, Mutaguchi +4 more
openaire +2 more sources
Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Pathogenesis and therapeutic targets
MedComm, Volume 4, Issue 5, October 2023., 2023 In this review, we summarize the pathogenesis of TB infection, therapeutic targets, and corresponding modulators, including first‐line medications, current clinical trial drugs and molecules in preclinical assessment. Our review provides valuable insights for future antituberculosis drug development efforts.
Jiaxing Yang +3 more
wiley +1 more source