Results 41 to 50 of about 915,551 (289)

Tweaking neural organoids to model human reactive astrocytes

, 2022
The study of human reactive astrocytes has been limited by resource availability. In this issue, Cvetkovic et al. (2022. J. Cell Biol.https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.202107135) develop multicellular organoid systems containing mature astrocytes to study the ...
Bezzi P., Bezzi, P., Bezzi, Paola, Paola Bezzi   +3 more
core   +1 more source

Development of Neuroregenerative Gene Therapy to Reverse Glial Scar Tissue Back to Neuron-Enriched Tissue

Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, 2020
Injuries in the central nervous system (CNS) often causes neuronal loss and glial scar formation. We have recently demonstrated NeuroD1-mediated direct conversion of reactive glial cells into functional neurons in adult mouse brains.
Lei Zhang, Zhuofan Lei, Ziyuan Guo, Zifei Pei, Yuchen Chen, Fengyu Zhang, Alice Cai, Gabriel Mok, Grace Lee, Vishal Swaminathan, Fan Wang, Yuting Bai, Gong Chen, Gong Chen   +13 more
doaj   +1 more source

Region-Specific Homeostatic Identity of Astrocytes Is Essential for Defining Their Response to Pathological Insults

Cells, 2023
The transformation of astrocytes into reactive states constitutes a biological response of the central nervous system under a variety of pathological insults.
Natallia Makarava, Olga Mychko, Kara Molesworth, Jennifer Chen-Yu Chang, Rebecca J. Henry, Natalya Tsymbalyuk, Volodymyr Gerzanich, J. Marc Simard, David J. Loane, Ilia V. Baskakov   +9 more
doaj   +1 more source

Questions and (some) answers on reactive astrocytes [PDF]

Glia, 2019
Abstract Astrocytes are key cellular partners for neurons in the central nervous system. Astrocytes react to virtually all types of pathological alterations in brain homeostasis by significant morphological and molecular changes. This response was classically viewed as stereotypical and is called astrogliosis or astrocyte reactivity ...
Carole Escartin, Océane Guillemaud, Maria‐Angeles Carrillo‐de Sauvage   +2 more
openaire   +2 more sources

Phloroglucinol attenuates oligomeric amyloid beta peptide1-42-induced astrocytic activation by reducing oxidative stress

Journal of Pharmacological Sciences, 2021
Astrocytes are the most abundant cell type in the central nervous system (CNS) and their major function is to maintain homeostasis of the CNS by exerting various functions.
Eun-Jeong Yang, Hyunju Kim, Hye-Sun Kim, Moon-Jeong Chang   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

Ion transporter cascade, reactive astrogliosis and cerebrovascular diseases

Frontiers in Pharmacology
Cerebrovascular diseases and their sequalae, such as ischemic stroke, chronic cerebral hypoperfusion, and vascular dementia are significant contributors to adult disability and cognitive impairment in the modern world.
Md Shamim Rahman, Rabia Islam, Mohammad Iqbal H. Bhuiyan   +2 more
doaj   +1 more source

Heterogeneity of Astrocyte Reactivity

Annual Review of Neuroscience
Astrocytes, the bushy, star-shaped glial cells of the brain and spinal cord, support the proper development and function of many cells in the central nervous system. In response to disease or injury they transform, adopting varied morphologies, molecular signatures, and functions—this state of transformation is known as reactivity.
Clayton, Benjamin LL, Liddelow, Shane A
openaire   +3 more sources

The Role of Astrocytes in the Neurorepair Process

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, 2021
Astrocytes are highly specialized glial cells responsible for trophic and metabolic support of neurons. They are associated to ionic homeostasis, the regulation of cerebral blood flow and metabolism, the modulation of synaptic activity by capturing and ...
Raphaela Almeida Chiareli, Gustavo Almeida Carvalho, Bruno Lemes Marques, Lennia Soares Mota, Onésia Cristina Oliveira-Lima, Rodrigo Mello Gomes, Alexander Birbrair, Renato Santiago Gomez, Fabrício Simão, Friederike Klempin, Marcel Leist, Mauro Cunha Xavier Pinto   +11 more
doaj   +1 more source

Phagocytic Activities of Reactive Microglia and Astrocytes Associated with Prion Diseases Are Dysregulated in Opposite Directions

Cells, 2021
Phagocytosis is one of the most important physiological functions of the glia directed at maintaining a healthy, homeostatic environment in the brain.
Anshuman Sinha, Rajesh Kushwaha, Kara Molesworth, Olga Mychko, Natallia Makarava, Ilia V. Baskakov   +5 more
doaj   +1 more source

Expression and modulation of an NADPH oxidase in mammalian astrocytes [PDF]

, 2005
Amyloid β peptides generate oxidative stress in hippocampal astrocytes through a mechanism sensitive to inhibitors of the NADPH oxidase [diphenylene iodonium (DPI) and apocynin].
Abramov, A.Y., Wientjes, F., Duchen, M.R., Jacobson, J., Canevari, L., Hothersall, J.   +5 more
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