Results 21 to 30 of about 474 (133)
Diversity-generating retroelements in prokaryotic immunity
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2022 Abstract Adaptive immunity systems found in different organisms fall into two major types. Prokaryotes possess CRISPR-Cas systems, recognizing former invaders using the memorized (captured) pieces of their DNA as the pathogen signatures.
Ilya S. Belalov +2 more
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Frontiers in Immunology, 2020 More than 200 human disorders include various manifestations of autoimmunity. The molecular events that lead to these diseases are still incompletely understood and their causes remain largely unknown.
Tomas Mustelin, Kennedy C. Ukadike
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Life, 2022 The most important sources of new components of genomes are transposable elements, which can occupy more than half of the nucleotide sequence of the genome in higher eukaryotes.
Lidia Nefedova +2 more
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The Immunological Conundrum of Endogenous Retroelements
Annual Review of Immunology, 2023 Our defenses against infection rely on the ability of the immune system to distinguish invading pathogens from self. This task is exceptionally challenging, if not seemingly impossible, in the case of retroviruses that have integrated almost seamlessly into the host.
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American Journal of Perinatology Reports, 2018 Objective The retroviral genes encoding Syncytin-1 (SYN1) and Syncytin-2 (SYN2) are epigenetically regulated, uniquely expressed in the placenta and critical to placental function.
Sami P. Makaroun, Katherine P. Himes
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Cells, 2023 The evolution of protein-coding genes has both structural and regulatory components. The first can be assessed by measuring the ratio of non-synonymous to synonymous nucleotide substitutions.
Galina Zakharova +19 more
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BioMedInformatics, 2023 Holliday junctions are the first recognized templates of legitimate recombination. Their prime physiological role is meiotic homologous recombination, resulting in rearrangements of the genetic material.
Paris Ladias +6 more
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Retroelement Genome Painting: Cytological Visualization of Retroelement Expansions in the Genera Zea and Tripsacum [PDF]
Genetics, 2006 Abstract Divergence of abundant genomic elements among the Zea and Tripsacum genera was examined cytologically and a tool kit established for subsequent studies. The LTR regions from the CRM, Huck, Grande, Prem1, Prem2/Ji, Opie, Cinful-1, and Tekay retroelement families were used as FISH probes on mitotic chromosome spreads from a ...
Jonathan C, Lamb, James A, Birchler
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eLife, 2022 DNA methylation, repressive histone modifications, and PIWI-interacting RNAs are essential for controlling retroelement silencing in mammalian germ lines. Dysregulation of retroelement silencing is associated with male sterility.
Kei Fukuda +6 more
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A frequent SNP in TRIM5α strongly enhances the innate immune response against LINE-1 elements
Frontiers in Immunology, 2023 The intracellular restriction factor TRIM5α inhibits endogenous LINE-1 retroelements. It induces innate immune signaling cascades upon sensing of cytoplasmic LINE-1 complexes, thereby underlining its importance for protecting the human genome from ...
Justine Lagisquet +6 more
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