Results 1 to 10 of about 51,904 (74)

Tracking fast and slow changes in synaptic weights from simultaneously observed pre- and postsynaptic spiking [PDF]

Neural Computation (2021) 33 (10) 2682-2709, 2021
Synapses change on multiple timescales, ranging from milliseconds to minutes, due to a combination of both short- and long-term plasticity. Here we develop an extension of the common Generalized Linear Model to infer both short- and long-term changes in the coupling between a pre- and post-synaptic neuron based on observed spiking activity.
arxiv   +1 more source

Photons guided by axons may enable backpropagation-based learning in the brain [PDF]

Sci Rep 12, 20720 (2022), 2022
Despite great advances in explaining synaptic plasticity and neuron function, a complete understanding of the brain's learning algorithms is still missing. Artificial neural networks provide a powerful learning paradigm through the backpropagation algorithm which modifies synaptic weights by using feedback connections.
arxiv   +1 more source

Stochastic lattice model of synaptic membrane protein domains [PDF]

Phys. Rev. E 95, 052406 (2017), 2017
Neurotransmitter receptor molecules, concentrated in synaptic membrane domains along with scaffolds and other kinds of proteins, are crucial for signal transmission across chemical synapses. In common with other membrane protein domains, synaptic domains are characterized by low protein copy numbers and protein crowding, with rapid stochastic turnover ...
arxiv   +1 more source

Molecular Noise In Synaptic Communication [PDF]

, 2022
In synaptic molecular communication (MC), the activation of postsynaptic receptors by neurotransmitters (NTs) is governed by a stochastic reaction-diffusion process. This randomness of synaptic MC contributes to the randomness of the electrochemical downstream signal in the postsynaptic cell, called postsynaptic membrane potential (PSP).
arxiv   +1 more source

Signal Reception With Generic Three-State Receptors in Synaptic MC [PDF]

, 2022
Synaptic communication is studied by communication engineers for two main reasons. One is to enable novel neuroengineering applications that require interfacing with neurons. The other reason is to draw inspiration for the design of synthetic molecular communication systems.
arxiv   +1 more source

Direct imaging of lateral movements of AMPA receptors inside synapses [PDF]

EMBO J 22, 18 (15/09/2003) 4656-65, 2007
Trafficking of AMPA receptors in and out of synapses is crucial for synaptic plasticity. Previous studies have focused on the role of endo/exocytosis processes or that of lateral diffusion of extra-synaptic receptors. We have now directly imaged AMPAR movements inside and outside synapses of live neurons using single-molecule fluorescence microscopy ...
arxiv   +1 more source

A computational model for synaptic message transmission [PDF]

arXiv, 2023
A computational model incorporating insights from quantum theory is proposed to describe and explain synaptic message transmission. We propose that together, neurotransmitters and their corresponding receptors, function as a physical "quantum decision tree" to "decide" whether to excite or inhibit the synapse.
arxiv  

Phenomenological modeling of diverse and heterogeneous synaptic dynamics at natural density [PDF]

, 2022
This chapter sheds light on the synaptic organization of the brain from the perspective of computational neuroscience. It provides an introductory overview on how to account for empirical data in mathematical models, implement such models in software, and perform simulations reflecting experiments.
arxiv   +1 more source

Metabolic constraints on synaptic learning and memory [PDF]

Journal of Neurophysiology 122: 1473-1490 (2019), 2019
Dendritic spines, the carriers of long-term memory, occupy a small fraction of cortical space, and yet they are the major consumers of brain metabolic energy. What fraction of this energy goes for synaptic plasticity, correlated with learning and memory?
arxiv   +1 more source

A Chemical Master Equation Model for Synaptic Molecular Communication [PDF]

, 2021
In synaptic molecular communication, the activation of postsynaptic receptors by neurotransmitters (NTs) is governed by a stochastic reaction-diffusion process and, hence, inherently random. It is currently not fully understood how this randomness impacts downstream signaling in the target cell and, ultimately, neural computation and learning.
arxiv   +1 more source