Results 41 to 50 of about 161 (83)

Fabrication and characterisation of random and aligned electrospun scaffolds to investigate hypothalamic stem/progenitor cell behaviour

Engineered Regeneration
Tanycytes are stem/progenitor cells that reside in the hypothalamus of the adult vertebrate brain. Tanycytes can be cultured as free-floating neurospheres in vitro but tend to spontaneously differentiate over time.
Selina Beal, Iain Stewart, Paul Hatton, Marysia Placzek, Ilida Ortega   +4 more
doaj   +1 more source

How does type 2 diabetes modify the risk of Alzheimer's disease?

Alzheimer's &Dementia, Volume 22, Issue 5, May 2026.
Abstract Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are both increasing exponentially worldwide. T2D has also been identified as one of 14 modifiable risk factors for dementia, but the mechanism is unknown. T2D could promote dementia via vascular or AD neuropathological changes, and mechanistic hypotheses include central insulin resistance and ...
G. T. Sutherland, A. Chen, H‐T. Nguyen‐Hao, H. Mundell, E. Aladyeva, M. J. Hofer, O. Harari, S. M. Twigg   +7 more
wiley   +1 more source

Review: “The Disappointment Dilemma: Short‐ and Long‐Term Learning From Negative Outcomes”

European Journal of Neuroscience, Volume 63, Issue 9, May 2026.
The habenula routes negative‐outcome signals to VTA, RMTg, and IPN to shape aversive learning and motivation. The lateral habenula encodes acute negative prediction errors to rapidly adapt behavior to threat, fear, and avoidance. The medial habenula integrates repeated stress, drug, and aversive experiences into long‐term negative mood and expectations.
Ines Ibañez‐Tallon, Susanna Molas, Christophe D. Proulx, Joaquin Piriz, Edgar Soria‐Gómez   +4 more
wiley   +1 more source

Targeting Multiple Gut‐Brain Pathways in Obesity: Rationale for Combination Pharmacotherapy

Obesity Science &Practice, Volume 12, Issue 2, April 2026.
ABSTRACT Background As a disease of energy dysregulation, obesity involves metabolic, hormonal, and neural factors, the interconnection of which is referred to as the “gut‐brain axis.” Objective This review aimed to provide an overview of the clinical evidence of physiological and objective or subjective changes in eating behavior with gut hormone ...
Alexander D. Miras, Muzamil Hussain
wiley   +1 more source

Glial Endozepines Inhibit Feeding-Related Autonomic Functions by Acting at the Brainstem Level

Frontiers in Neuroscience, 2017
Endozepines are endogenous ligands for the benzodiazepine receptors and also target a still unidentified GPCR. The endozepine octadecaneuropeptide (ODN), an endoproteolytic processing product of the diazepam-binding inhibitor (DBI) was recently shown to ...
Florent Guillebaud, Clémence Girardet, Anne Abysique, Stéphanie Gaigé, Rym Barbouche, Jérémy Verneuil, André Jean, Jérôme Leprince, Marie-Christine Tonon, Michel Dallaporta, Bruno Lebrun, Jean-Denis Troadec   +11 more
doaj   +1 more source

Signal Amplification in the HPT Axis—Evidence for Its Existence, Location, Significance, and Molecular Mechanisms

Acta Physiologica, Volume 242, Issue 4, April 2026.
ABSTRACT Thyroid hormones (THs) are under negative feedback regulation via the hypothalamic–pituitary‐thyroid (HPT) axis. How this axis operates to keep the circulating THs within a narrow physiological range is not well understood quantitatively. Led by the design principle of robust homeostatic feedback control, here we review and synthesize the ...
Li Jing, Sarahna A. Moyd, Qiang Zhang
wiley   +1 more source

Connexin-43 Gap Junctions Are Responsible for the Hypothalamic Tanycyte-Coupled Network

Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, 2018
Tanycytes are hypothalamic radial glia-like cells that form the basal wall of the third ventricle (3V) where they sense glucose and modulate neighboring neuronal activity to control feeding behavior.
Antonia Recabal, Roberto Elizondo-Vega, Camille Philippot, Magdiel Salgado, Sergio López, Alejandra Palma, Estefanía Tarifeño-Saldivia, Aline Timmermann, Gerald Seifert, Teresa Caprile, Christian Steinhäuser, María Angeles García-Robles   +11 more
doaj   +1 more source

Comparative Single‐Cell Transcriptomic Atlas Reveals the Genetic Regulation of Reproductive Traits

Advanced Science, Volume 13, Issue 17, 23 March 2026.
A cross‐species single‐cell transcriptomic atlas of reproductive and central nervous system tissues from sheep and humans reveals conserved cellular programs and regulatory networks that regulated fertility. Integration with GWAS for sheep lifetime average litter size identifies UNC5–SLIT–BMP signaling as a core pathway coordinating neuroendocrine ...
Bingru Zhao, Hanpeng Luo, Dailu Guan, Xuefeng Fu, Feng Wang, Guoming Zhang, Shanglai Li, Hua Yang, Yanli Zhang   +8 more
wiley   +1 more source

Adenosine transmission from hypothalamic tanycytes to AGRP/NPY neurons regulates energy homeostasis

Experimental and Molecular Medicine
Tanycytes are a pivotal component of the hypothalamic network that controls energy homeostasis. Despite their importance, the regulatory mechanisms governing tanycyte–neuron interactions in response to metabolic signals remain unexplored.
Nayoun Kim, Seolsong Kim, Seokjae Park, Eun-Kyoung Kim   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor Acts on Distinctive Hypothalamic Arcuate Neurons and Promotes Leptin Entry Into and Action on the Mouse Hypothalamus

Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, 2020
In humans and experimental animals, the administration of ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) reduces food intake and body weight. To gain further insights into the mechanism(s) underlying its satiety effect, we: (i) evaluated the CNTF-dependent ...
Wiebe Venema, Ilenia Severi, Jessica Perugini, Eleonora Di Mercurio, Marco Mainardi, Margherita Maffei, Saverio Cinti, Saverio Cinti, Antonio Giordano   +8 more
doaj   +1 more source