Results 41 to 50 of about 4,159 (191)

Digging out the biology properties of tRNA-derived small RNA from black hole

Frontiers in Genetics, 2023
An unique subclass of functional non-coding RNAs generated by transfer RNA (tRNA) under stress circumstances is known as tRNA-derived small RNA (tsRNA).
Hengmei Shi, Jiaheng Xie, Shengbin Pei, Danni He, Huyang Hou, Shipeng Xu, Ziyi Fu, Xiaoyan Shi   +7 more
doaj   +1 more source

Dimerization confers increased stability to nucleases in 5′ halves from glycine and glutamic acid tRNAs [PDF]

Nucleic Acids Research, 2018
We have previously shown that 5' halves from tRNAGlyGCC and tRNAGluCUC are the most enriched small RNAs in the extracellular space of human cell lines, and especially in the non-vesicular fraction. Extracellular RNAs are believed to require protection by either encapsulation in vesicles or ribonucleoprotein complex formation.
Tosar, Juan Pablo, Gámbaro, Fabiana, Darré, Leonardo, Pantano, Sergio, Westhof, Eric, Cayota, Alfonso   +5 more
openaire   +4 more sources

Angiogenin-cleaved tRNA halves interact with cytochrome c, protecting cells from apoptosis during osmotic stress. [PDF]

Mol Cell Biol, 2014
Adaptation to changes in extracellular tonicity is essential for cell survival. However, severe or chronic hyperosmotic stress induces apoptosis, which involves cytochrome c (Cyt c) release from mitochondria and subsequent apoptosome formation. Here, we show that angiogenin-induced accumulation of tRNA halves (or tiRNAs) is accompanied by increased ...
Saikia M, Jobava R, Parisien M, Putnam A, Krokowski D, Gao XH, Guan BJ, Yuan Y, Jankowsky E, Feng Z, Hu GF, Pusztai-Carey M, Gorla M, Sepuri NB, Pan T, Hatzoglou M.   +15 more
europepmc   +5 more sources

Transfer RNA-derived non-coding RNAs (tncRNAs): Hidden regulation of plants' transcriptional regulatory circuits

Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal, 2021
The emergence of distinct classes of non-coding RNAs has led to better insights into the eukaryotic gene regulatory networks. Amongst them, the existence of transfer RNA (tRNA)-derived non-coding RNAs (tncRNAs) demands exploration in the plant kingdom ...
Shafaque Zahra, Ajeet Singh, Nikita Poddar, Shailesh Kumar   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

Multiple Layers of Stress-Induced Regulation in tRNA Biology

Life, 2016
tRNAs are the fundamental components of the translation machinery as they deliver amino acids to the ribosomes during protein synthesis. Beyond their essential function in translation, tRNAs also function in regulating gene expression, modulating ...
Hsiao-Yun Huang, Anita K. Hopper
doaj   +1 more source

Cicada Endosymbionts Have tRNAs That Are Correctly Processed Despite Having Genomes That Do Not Encode All of the tRNA Processing Machinery

mBio, 2019
Gene loss and genome reduction are defining characteristics of endosymbiotic bacteria. The most highly reduced endosymbiont genomes have lost numerous essential genes related to core cellular processes such as replication, transcription, and translation.
James T. Van Leuven, Meng Mao, Denghui D. Xing, Gordon M. Bennett, John P. McCutcheon   +4 more
doaj   +1 more source

Transfer RNAs-derived small RNAs and their application potential in multiple diseases

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, 2022
The role of tRNAs is best known as adapter components of translational machinery. According to the central dogma of molecular biology, DNA is transcribed to RNA and in turn is translated into proteins, in which tRNA outstands by its role of the cellular ...
Xiaohua Chu, Chenyang He, Bo Sang, Chaofei Yang, Chong Yin, Mili Ji, Airong Qian, Ye Tian   +7 more
doaj   +1 more source

Small RNA pathways in mammalian oocytes

FEBS Open Bio, EarlyView.
Three distinct small RNA pathways operate in mammalian oocytes: RNAi interference (RNAi), the microRNA (miRNA) pathway, and the PIWI‐associated RNA (piRNA) pathway. These pathways use small RNAs to guide sequence‐specific repression and contribute to oocyte biology by targeting genes and mobile elements or appear insignificant since different ...
Petr Svoboda, Josef Pasulka
wiley   +1 more source

Transcripts enriched in codons that trigger P‐site tRNA‐mediated mRNA decay possess stable mRNA

FEBS Open Bio, EarlyView.
PTMD codons were first described by Mendel et al. as mediators of an mRNA decay pathway dependent on the human protein CNOT3, homologous to yeast Not5. Our findings confirm that PTMD codons destabilize transcripts; however, unlike in yeast, the human pathway specifically targets and slightly destabilizes primarily stable mRNAs.
Rodolfo Lopes Carneiro, Fernando Lucas Palhano   +1 more
wiley   +1 more source

5′-Terminal nucleotide variations in human cytoplasmic tRNA^HisGUG and its 5′-halves [PDF]

RNA, 2016
Transfer RNAs (tRNAs) are fundamental adapter components of translational machinery. tRNAs can further serve as a source of tRNA-derived noncoding RNAs that play important roles in various biological processes beyond translation. Among all species of tRNAs, tRNAHisGUG has been known to uniquely contain an additional guanosine residue at the −1 position
Megumi Shigematsu, Yohei Kirino
openaire   +2 more sources