Results 111 to 120 of about 485 (131)

VNAR single-domain antibodies specific for BAFF inhibit B cell development by molecular mimicry [PDF]

Molecular Immunology, 2016
B cell-activating factor (BAFF) plays a dominant role in the B cell homeostasis. However, excessive BAFF promotes the development of autoreactive B-cells and several antibodies have been developed to block its activity. Bispecific antibodies with added functionality represent the next wave of biologics that may be more effective in the treatment of ...
Martin F Flajnik, Frank S Walsh
exaly   +4 more sources

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Overview and Discovery of IgNARs and Generation of VNARs

2012
Immunoglobulin new antigen receptors (IgNARs) from sharks are a distinct class of immune receptors, consisting of homodimers with no associated light chains. Antigen binding is encapsulated within single VNAR immunoglobulin domains of 13-14 kDa in size.
openaire   +2 more sources

In Vitro Maturation of a Humanized Shark VNAR Domain to Improve Its Biophysical Properties

2019
VNAR domains are the binding regions of new antigen receptor proteins (IgNAR) which are unique to sharks, skates, and rays (Elasmobranchii). Individual VNAR domains can bind antigens independently and are the smallest reported adaptive immune recognition entities in the vertebrate kingdom.
John, Steven, Obinna C, Ubah, Magdalena, Buschhaus, Marina, Kovaleva, Laura, Ferguson, Andrew J, Porter, Caroline J, Barelle   +6 more
openaire   +2 more sources

Next-generation flexible formats of VNAR domains expand the drug platform's utility and developability

Biochemical Society Transactions, 2018
Therapeutic mAbs have delivered several blockbuster drugs in oncology and autoimmune inflammatory disease. Revenue for mAbs continues to rise, even in the face of competition from a growing portfolio of biosimilars. Despite this success, there are still limitations associated with the use of mAbs as therapeutic molecules.
Obinna C, Ubah, Magdalena J, Buschhaus, Laura, Ferguson, Marina, Kovaleva, John, Steven, Andrew J, Porter, Caroline J, Barelle   +6 more
openaire   +2 more sources

Overview, Generation, and Significance of Variable New Antigen Receptors (VNARs) as a Platform for Drug and Diagnostic Development

2022
The approval of the first VHH-based drug caplacizumab (anti-von Willebrand factor) has validated a two-decade long commitment in time and research effort to realize the clinical potential of single-domain antibodies. The variable domain (VNAR) of the immunoglobulin new antigen receptor (IgNAR) found in sharks provides an alternative small binding ...
Samata S, Pandey, Marina, Kovaleva, Caroline J, Barelle, Obinna C, Ubah   +3 more
openaire   +2 more sources

A shark VNAR-IL-15 fusion protein that suppresses TROP2+ tumor growth

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
Interleukin-15 (IL-15) holds great promise for cancer immunotherapy because it selectively activates cytotoxic immune cells without expanding regulatory T cells. It also has the potential to convert "cold" tumors into more immunologically active ones. However, its clinical utility is limited by systemic toxicity.
Zhongqiu, Wu, Hao, Li, Yanqing, Wang, Ling, Lu, Yuchao, Gu, Ming-Wei, Wang   +5 more
openaire   +2 more sources

High-affinity VNARs targeting human hemoglobin: Screening, stability and binding analysis

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
Hemoglobin, composed of α- and β-chains, is essential for oxygen transport and is key in diagnosing and treating gastrointestinal and blood disorders. It also aids in detecting blood contamination and estimating transfusion volumes. Immunological methods, based on antigen-antibody interactions, are distinguished by their high sensitivity and accuracy ...
Wen-Hui, Lei, Zu-Ying, Liu, Xiao-Xiao, Xie, Ning, Zhong, Ling-Jing, Zhang, Min-Jie, Cao, Duanquan, Lin, Tengchuan, Jin, Changgong, Zhang, Yu-Lei, Chen   +9 more
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Design and Construction of Antibody Fusion Proteins Incorporating Variable New Antigen Receptor (VNAR) Domains

2023
Antibody therapeutics have become a cornerstone of the pharmaceutical market due to their precise molecular targeting, favorable pharmacokinetic properties, and multitiered mechanisms of action. Since the first monoclonal antibody was clinically approved 35 years ago, there have been considerable advances in antibody technology.
Seth D, Ludwig, Angela, Zhu, Ankith P, Maremanda, Helen M, Dooley, Jamie B, Spangler   +4 more
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Antigen specific VNAR screening in whitespotted bamboo shark (Chiloscyllium plagiosum) with next generation sequencing

Fish and Shellfish Immunology
IgNAR exhibits significant promise in the fields of cancer and anti-virus biotherapies. Notably, the variable regions of IgNAR (VNAR) possess comparable antigen binding affinity with much smaller molecular weight (∼12 kDa) compared to IgNAR. Antigen specific VNAR screening is a changeling work, which limits its application in medicine and therapy ...
Bo Zhong, Guodong Chen
exaly   +3 more sources

Characterization and humanization of VNARs targeting human serum albumin from the whitespotted bamboo shark (Chiloscyllium plagiosum)

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
The Shark-derived immunoglobulin new antigen receptors (IgNARs) have gained increasing attention for their high solubility, exceptional thermal stability, and intricate sequence variation. In this study, we immunized whitespotted bamboo shark (Chiloscyllium plagiosum) to create phage display library of variable domains of IgNAR (VNARs) for screening ...
Weijie, Li, Mingliang, Chen, Tao, Wang, Xin, Feng, Xierui, Jiang, Xiaoning, Dong, Huan, Zhang, Xixiang, Tang, Rui, Tian, Yongyou, Zhang, Zengpeng, Li   +10 more
openaire   +2 more sources