Results 31 to 40 of about 1,152 (159)

Excitotoxicity increases the release of 24S-hydroxycholesterol via CYP46A1 activation [PDF]

Mol Neurodegener, 2013
Background Excitotoxicity, a common hallmark of different neurological disorders including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), is the consequence of exacerbated neuronal stimulation and leads to a high influx of calcium trough membrane glutamate receptors [1]. On the other hand, high levels of the cholesterol metabolite 24S-hydroxycholesterol (24-HC) have been ...
Sodero A, Vriens J, Ghosh D, Stegner D, Brachet A, Pallotto M, Sassoe-Pognetto M, Brouwers J, Helms B, Nieswandt B, Voets T, Dotti C.   +11 more
europepmc   +3 more sources

Evidence that the major oxysterols in human circulation originate from distinct pools of cholesterol: a stable isotope study

Journal of Lipid Research, 2001
The major oxysterols in human circulation are 7α-, 27-, and (24S)-hydroxycholesterol. Two unique experiments were performed to elucidate their origin and kinetics. A volunteer was exposed to 18O2-enriched air. A rapid incorporation of 18O in both 7α- and
Steve Meaney, Moustapha Hassan, Augustinas Sakinis, Dieter Lütjohann, Klaus von Bergmann, Åke Wennmalm, Ulf Diczfalusy, Ingemar Björkhem   +7 more
doaj   +1 more source

24-hydroxycholesterol moderates the effects of amyloid-β on expression of HMG-CoA reductase and ABCA1 proteins in mouse astrocytes

Advanced Biomedical Research, 2023
Background: Elevated brain cholesterol increases the risk of Alzheimer's disease. Production of 24-hydroxycholesterol (24s-OHC) by neurons prevents cholesterol accumulation in the brain. In this study, we investigated the effect of 24s-OHC on the HMG-COA
Zahra Nazeri, Ghorban Mohammadzadeh, Mojtaba Rashidi, Shirin Azizdoost, Maryam Cheraghzadeh, Alireza Kheirollah   +5 more
doaj   +1 more source

Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry utilizing multi-stage fragmentation for the identification of oxysterolss⃞

Journal of Lipid Research, 2007
In humans, the brain accounts for about 20% of the body's free cholesterol, most of which is synthesized de novo in brain. To maintain cholesterol balance throughout life, cholesterol becomes metabolized to 24S-hydroxycholesterol, principally in neurons.
Kersti Karu, Martin Hornshaw, Gary Woffendin, Karl Bodin, Mats Hamberg, Gunvor Alvelius, Jan Sjövall, John Turton, Yuqin Wang, William J. Griffiths   +9 more
doaj   +1 more source

Analysis of bioactive oxysterols in newborn mouse brain by LC/MS

Journal of Lipid Research, 2012
Unesterified cholesterol is a major component of plasma membranes. In the brain of the adult, it is mostly found in myelin sheaths, where it plays a major architectural role.
Anna Meljon, Spyridon Theofilopoulos, Cedric H.L. Shackleton, Gordon L. Watson, Norman B. Javitt, Hans-Joachim Knölker, Ratni Saini, Ernest Arenas, Yuqin Wang, William J. Griffiths   +9 more
doaj   +1 more source

Oxidation of 7-dehydrocholesterol and desmosterol by human cytochrome P450 46A1[S]

Journal of Lipid Research, 2014
Cytochrome P450 (P450 or CYP) 46A1 is expressed in brain and has been characterized by its ability to oxidize cholesterol to 24S-hydroxycholesterol. In addition, the same enzyme is known to further oxidize 24S-hydroxycholesterol to the 24,25- and 24,27 ...
Sandeep Goyal, Yi Xiao, Ned A. Porter, Libin Xu, F. Peter Guengerich   +4 more
doaj   +1 more source

High levels of (24S)-24-hydroxycholesterol 3-sulfate, 24-glucuronide in the serum and urine of children with severe cholestatic liver disease

Journal of Lipid Research, 1997
Extracts of urine and serum from children with cholestatic liver disease were analyzed by fast atom bombardment (FAB) mass spectrometry. About half of all spectra showed a peak at m/z 657, compatible with the presence of a glucuronidated cholestenediol ...
L J Meng, W J Griffiths, H Nazer, Y Yang, J Sjövall   +4 more
doaj   +1 more source

Metabolism of 27-, 25- and 24-hydroxycholesterol in rat glial cells and neurons [PDF]

Biochemical Journal, 1997
The metabolism of 27-, 25- and 24-hydroxycholesterol in cultures of rat astrocytes, Schwann cells and neurons was studied. 27- and 25-Hydroxycholesterol, but not 24-hydroxycholesterol, underwent 7α-hydroxylation with subsequent oxidation to 7α-hydroxy-3-oxo-Δ4 steroids in all three cell types.
J, Zhang, Y, Akwa, M, el-Etr, E E, Baulieu, J, Sjövall   +4 more
openaire   +2 more sources

On the rate of translocation in vitro and kinetics in vivo of the major oxysterols in human circulation

Journal of Lipid Research, 2002
Oxysterols possess powerful biological activities. Some of their effects on the regulation of key enzymes are similar to those of cholesterol, but are much more potent.
Steve Meaney, Karl Bodin, Ulf Diczfalusy, Ingemar Björkhem   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

24S-Hydroxycholesterol: A potential brain-derived biomarker of Huntington’s Disease

Abstract Huntington’s disease (HD) arises from of an expanded polyglutamine-coding trinucleotide repeat in exon 1 of the huntingtin gene. Despite considerable research, a successful disease modifying therapy has yet to be confirmed. Cholesterol homeostasis in brain is considered one of the biological processes to be disturbed in HD.
Asgari MA, Langbehn DR, Skibinski DOF, Lee R, Griffiths WJ, Wang Y.   +5 more
europepmc   +2 more sources