Results 61 to 70 of about 27,479 (162)

Of mice and men—The emerging oral–gut–brain axis of health and disease

Periodontology 2000, EarlyView.
Abstract Objectives Oral health's inextricable links to systemic health are highlighted by the emerging oral–gut–brain axis and other well‐known axes. There is growing evidence of a complex oral–gut–brain axis linking mouth and gut microbiomes with the central nervous system.
Yvonne L. Hernandez‐Kapila, Daniel J. Weisenberger   +1 more
wiley   +1 more source

Microgravity‐induced changes in skeletal muscle and possible countermeasures: What we can learn from bed rest and human space studies

Experimental Physiology, EarlyView.
Abstract Despite exercise countermeasures to sustain health and performance in spaceflight, complete maintenance of muscle mass and functions in microgravity is still not possible for most astronauts. The principal cause of the limited effectiveness of existing exercise countermeasures is the difficulty in achieving full loading forces in space.
Alessandra Bosutti, Bergita Ganse, Nicola A. Maffiuletti, Rob C. I. Wüst, Gustav J. Strijkers, Andy Sanderson, Hans Degens   +6 more
wiley   +1 more source

Hippocampal calpain is required for the consolidation and reconsolidation but not extinction of contextual fear memory

Molecular Brain, 2017
Memory consolidation, reconsolidation, and extinction have been shown to share similar molecular signatures, including new gene expression. Calpain is a Ca2+-dependent protease that exerts its effects through the proteolytic cleavage of target proteins ...
Taikai Nagayoshi, Kiichiro Isoda, Nori Mamiya, Satoshi Kida   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

Intermittent low‐intensity contractions cause a dissociation between maximal motor unit firing rates and changes in torque and contractile speed

Experimental Physiology, EarlyView.
Abstract The purpose was to test: (1) whether the decline in maximal motor unit (MU) firing rate is an invariable response when maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) torque is reduced following a submaximal muscle fatiguing task; and (2) whether fatigue‐induced slowing of contractile speed and firing rate decline are co‐dependent. Ten participants (three
Alexander M. Zero, Raaj A. Dudani, Jacob Fanous, Charles L. Rice   +3 more
wiley   +1 more source

Ageing alters cysteine oxidation‐regulated redox signalling in skeletal muscle: Integrative omics and AI‐based structural predictions

Experimental Physiology, EarlyView.
Abstract Ageing is associated with loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength (sarcopenia) and disrupted redox homeostasis. Redox signalling is essential for muscle adaptation, yet the mechanisms by which ageing disrupts cysteine‐based regulation are poorly defined. The drivers of site‐specific reactivity and signalling specificity in aged muscle remain
Ufuk Ersoy, Malcolm J. Jackson
wiley   +1 more source

Canonical and non‐canonical functions of proteins regulating mitochondrial dynamics in mammalian physiology

The Journal of Physiology, EarlyView.
Abstract figure legend Mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles that continuously remodel their architecture through coordinated cycles of fusion and fission. This review examines the four key GTPases that orchestrate mitochondrial dynamics in mammals: MFN1, MFN2, OPA1, and DRP1.
Rémi Chaney, Vincent Marcangeli, Krystel Desjardins, Shima Taherkhani, Gilles Gouspillou   +4 more
wiley   +1 more source

Intramuscular pathways of maladaptation in overtraining syndrome

The Journal of Physiology, EarlyView.
Abstract figure legend The transition from adaptive overreaching to maladaptive overtraining and mechanisms through which excessive training load can lead to performance decline. Four interconnected pathophysiological domains are highlighted: neural fatigue, involving both central and peripheral components such as altered sensory feedback and reflex ...
Emily Shorter, Oscar Horwath, Sabrina Tzivia Barsky, Ferdinand von Walden, Johanna T. Lanner   +4 more
wiley   +1 more source

The role of extracellular vesicles in cell–cell crosstalk in cardiotoxicity

The Journal of Physiology, EarlyView.
Abstract figure legend Administration of a pharmacological agent can result in off‐target cardiotoxicity which can be driven by cell–cell crosstalk between healthy and dysfunctional cardiac cells. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid bilayer structures that can move biological cargo between cells, facilitating cell–cell crosstalk.
Gabriella Bachynskyj‐Bilas, Debbie J. Otto, Daniel Stratton, Katja Rietdorf, Daniel M. Johnson, Calum J. McMullen   +5 more
wiley   +1 more source

Old dog, new trick: Charybdotoxin as a novel ryanodine receptor blocker

The Journal of Physiology, EarlyView.
Abstract figure legend The peptide toxin charybdotoxin (ChTx) from the scorpion Leiurus quinquestriatus was tested on single‐channel currents of the ryanodine receptor incorporated into planar lipid bilayers. The structure–function relationship of ChTx was investigated using toxin variants generated by isosteric substitutions of the basic amino acids ...
Zsuzsanna Édua Magyar, Judit Hevesi, Frigyes Mészáros, Zsolt Bozsó, János Szolomájer, Gábor Tóth, György Panyi, Péter Enyedi, Zoltán Varga, Zoltán Pethő, János Almássy   +10 more
wiley   +1 more source

Apoptosis and motor deficits in SPG76 hereditary spastic paraplegia: Calpain 2 inhibition as therapeutic strategy

Pharmacological Research
SPG76 is a complicated form of hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) associated with mutations in the CAPN1 gene. The encoded protein, calpain 1, is a calcium-activated cysteine protease that catalyzes the proteolytic cleavage of a variety of cellular ...
Francesca Brivio, Giulia Guarato, Elena Panzeri, Fiore Manganelli, Massimiliano Filosto, Chiara Vantaggiato, Maria Teresa Bassi   +6 more
doaj   +1 more source