Results 131 to 140 of about 2,219,993 (156)

Human Cohesin Compacts DNA by Loop Extrusion [PDF]

Science, 2019
Cohesin extrudes DNA loops DNA is folded into loops in eukaryotic cells by a process that depends on a ring-shaped adenosine triphosphatase complex called cohesin. Davidson et al. and Kim et al.
Yoori Kim, Hongtao Yu, Ilya J Finkelstein   +2 more
exaly   +3 more sources

Cohesin Supercoils DNA During Loop Extrusion

Cell Reports
Cohesin extrudes genomic DNA into loops that promote chromatin assembly, gene regulation, and gene recombination. Loop extrusion depends on large-scale conformational changes in cohesin, but how these translocate DNA is poorly understood. Here, we provide evidence that cohesin negatively supercoils DNA during loop extrusion.
Jan-Michael Peters
exaly   +4 more sources

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Transcription and topoisomerases bring new twists to DNA loop extrusion by cohesin

Molecular Cell, 2021
Neguembor et al. (2021) use super-resolution microscopy to illuminate genome packaging inside the cell nucleus. They discover that transcription and topoisomerases protect chromatin from collapsing in a crumpled state refractory to DNA loop extrusion by cohesin proteins.
Rini, Shah, Elphège P, Nora
openaire   +2 more sources

A hold-and-feed mechanism drives directional DNA loop extrusion by condensin

Science, 2022
Structural maintenance of chromosomes (SMC) protein complexes structure genomes by extruding DNA loops, but the molecular mechanism that underlies their activity has remained unknown. We show that the active condensin complex entraps the bases of a DNA loop transiently in two separate chambers.
Indra A. Shaltiel, Sumanjit Datta, Léa Lecomte, Markus Hassler, Marc Kschonsak, Sol Bravo, Catherine Stober, Jenny Ormanns, Sebastian Eustermann, Christian H. Haering   +9 more
openaire   +2 more sources

DNA capture and loop extrusion dynamics by cohesin-NIPBL

2022
ABSTRACT 3D chromatin organization plays a critical role in regulating gene expression, DNA replication, recombination, and repair. While initially discovered for its role in sister chromatid cohesion, emerging evidence suggests that the cohesin complex (SMC1, SMC3, RAD21, and SA1/SA2), facilitated by NIPBL, mediates topologically ...
Parminder Kaur, Zhubing Shi, Xiaotong Lu, Hongshan Zhang, Ilya J. Finkelstein, Yizhi Jane Tao, Hongtao Yu, Hong Wang   +7 more
openaire   +1 more source

Live imaging of DNA loop extrusion

Science, 2018
Molecular Biology To spatially organize chromosomes, ring-shaped protein complexes including condensin and cohesin have been hypothesized to extrude DNA loops. Condensin has been shown to exhibit a DNA-translocating motor function, but extrusion has not been observed directly.
openaire   +1 more source

Telomere protein arrays stall DNA loop extrusion by condensin

2023
Abstract DNA loop extrusion by SMC proteins is a key process underlying chromosomal organization. It is unknown how loop extruders interact with telomeres where chromosome ends are covered with a dense array of tens of neighboring DNA-binding proteins.
Brian T. Analikwu, Alice Deshayes, Jaco van der Torre, Thomas Guérin, Allard J. Katan, Claire Béneut, Roman Barth, Jamie Phipps, Vittore Scolari, Xavier Veaute, Christopher Barrington, Didier Busso, Frank Uhlmann, Karine Dubrana, Stefano Mattarocci, Cees Dekker, Stéphane Marcand   +16 more
openaire   +1 more source

Replisomes restrict SMC-mediated DNA-loop extrusion in vivo

Abstract Structural maintenance of chromosomes (SMC) complexes organize genomes by extruding DNA loops, while replisomes duplicate entire chromosomes. These essential molecular machines must collide frequently in every cell cycle, yet how such collisions are resolved in vivo remains
Qin Liao, Hugo B. Brandão, Zhongqing Ren, Xindan Wang   +3 more
openaire   +2 more sources

Weaving the loops of life: DNA loading by loop-extrusion machines in plasmid defense and genome organization

Molecular Cell
Structural maintenance of chromosome (SMC) complexes organize and segregate DNA via loop extrusion, but the mechanism of the initial DNA loading was unclear. In this issue of Molecular Cell, Roisné-Hamelin et al.1 reported the structures of Wadjet, a specialized plasmid defense system, revealing the ATP-driven conformational cycles enabling DNA capture.
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Genome Folding Through Loop Extrusion by SMC Complexes

Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, 2021
Jan-Michael Peters, Iain Finley Davidson
exaly