Results 181 to 190 of about 153,025 (224)
SIRT4 Prevents Excitotoxicity via Modulating Glutamate Metabolism in Glioma Cells
Human and Experimental Toxicology, 2020 Excitotoxicity is the presence of excessive glutamate, which is normally taken up by glutamate transporters on astrocytes. Glutamate transporter 1 (GLT-1) is the major transporter on glia cells clearing more than 90% of the glutamate.
Gizem Donmez Yalcin
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Dopamine Protects Neurons Against Glutamate-Induced Excitotoxicity [PDF]
Cell Death and Disease, 2013 Glutamate excitotoxicity is responsible for neuronal death in acute neurological disorders including stroke, trauma and neurodegenerative disease. Loss of calcium homeostasis is a key mediator of glutamate-induced cell death.
Andrey Y. Abramov
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Glutamate-Mediated Excitotoxicity in Schizophrenia: A Review [PDF]
European Neuropsychopharmacology, 2014 Findings from neuroimaging studies in patients with schizophrenia suggest widespread structural changes although the mechanisms through which these changes occur are currently unknown. Glutamatergic activity appears to be increased in the early phases of schizophrenia and may contribute to these structural alterations through an excitotoxic effect. The
Ariel Graff-Guerrero, Mallar Chakravarty
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Multiple sclerosis and glutamate excitotoxicity
Reviews in the Neurosciences, 2013The previous understanding of multiple sclerosis was solely related to neuroinflammation and its harmful effects; however, countless data indicate the importance of some inflammation-independent, neurodegenerative mechanisms associated with mitochondria malfunction, iron deposition and oxidative stress.
Milos, Kostic +2 more
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Glutamate excitotoxicity in the cochlea
Open Access Government, 2023Glutamate excitotoxicity in the cochlea Mark Rutherford, Associate Professor at Washington University School of Medicine, discusses the burden and causes of hearing dysfunction, as well as the possible solutions for mitigating glutamate excitotoxicity.
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Glutamate transporters and retinal excitotoxicity
Glia, 2002AbstractGlutamate appears to play a major role in several degenerative retinal disorders. However, exogenous glutamate is only weakly toxic to the retina when glutamate transporters on Müller glial cells are operational. In an ex vivo rat retinal preparation, we previously found that exogenous glutamate causes Müller cell swelling but does not trigger ...
Yukitoshi, Izumi +5 more
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Parkinson's disease and glutamate excitotoxicity
Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii im. S.S. Korsakova, 2018To measure the concentration of glutamate in the serum of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and determine its association with clinical variants of disease course.One hundred and ten patients with PD and 90 healthy people were examined. Glutamate concentration in the blood serum was determined with a spectrophotometric method.Patients with ...
Yu S, Mironova +5 more
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Glutamate Excitotoxicity and Neuronal Energy Metabolism
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1999ABSTRACT: The bioenergetic properties of the in situ mitochondria play a central role in controlling the susceptibility of neurons to acute or chronic neurodegenerative stress. The mitochondrial membrane potential, ΔΨm, is the parameter that controls three interrelated mitochondrial functions of great relevance to neuronal survival: namely, ATP ...
D G, Nicholls +3 more
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Excitotoxicity in neurological disorders — the glutamate paradox
International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience, 2000AbstractBeneficial effects of glutamate‐receptor antagonists in models of neurological disorders are often used to support the notion that endogenous excitotoxicity (i.e. resulting from extracellular accumulation of endogenous glutamate) is a major contributor to neuronal death associated with these conditions.
T P, Obrenovitch +3 more
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Glutamate, excitotoxicity and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Journal of Neurology, 1997The "glutamate hypothesis" is one of three major pathophysiological mechanisms of motor neurone injury towards which current research effort into amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is directed. There is great structural and functional diversity in the glutamate receptor family which results from combinations of 14 known gene products and their splice ...
P J, Shaw, P G, Ince
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