Results 181 to 190 of about 6,791 (202)
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Functional connexin “hemichannels”: A critical appraisal
Glia, 2006Abstract“Hemichannels” are defined as the halves of gap junction channels (also termed connexons) that are contributed by one cell; “hemichannels” are considered to be functional if they are open in nonjunctional membranes in the absence of pairing with partners from adjacent cells.
David C, Spray +2 more
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Hemichannels: New pathways for gliotransmitter release
Neuroscience, 2015Growing evidence suggests that glial cells express virtually all known types of neurotransmitter receptors, enabling them to sense neuronal activity and microenvironment changes by responding locally via the Ca(2+)-dependent release of bioactive molecules, known as "gliotransmitters".
Montero, T.D. +1 more
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Ischemia Opens Neuronal Gap Junction Hemichannels
Science, 2006Neuronal excitotoxicity during stroke is caused by activation of unidentified large-conductance channels, leading to swelling and calcium dysregulation. We show that ischemic-like conditions [O 2 /glucose deprivation (OGD)] open hemichannels, or half gap junctions, in neurons.
Roger J, Thompson +2 more
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Gap junctional hemichannels in the heart
Acta Physiologica Scandinavica, 2003AbstractUpon contacting each other, cells form gap junctions, in which each cell contributes half of the channel linking their cytoplasms, enabling them to share their metabolome up to a molecular weight of 1000. Each hemichannel (or connexon) is randomly inserted into the plasma membrane and then migrates to the site of cell‐to‐cell contact before ...
S, John, D, Cesario, J N, Weiss
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Severe neuropathy with leaky connexin32 hemichannels
Annals of Neurology, 2005AbstractX‐linked Charcot‐Marie‐Tooth disease is one of a set of diseases caused by mutations in gap junction proteins called connexins. We identified a connexin32 missense mutation (F235C) in a girl with unusually severe neuropathy. The localization and trafficking of the mutant protein in cell culture was normal, but electrophysiological studies ...
Grace S Lin, Liang +7 more
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Hemichannel-Mediated Inhibition in the Outer Retina
Science, 2001An essential feature of the first synapse in the retina is a negative feedback pathway from horizontal cells to cones. Here we show that at this synapse, connexin26 forms hemichannels on horizontal cell dendrites near the glutamate release site of the cones. Blocking these hemichannels hyperpolarizes horizontal cells, modulates the Ca
Kamermans, M. +5 more
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Connexin Hemichannel Inhibition and Human Genodermatoses
Journal of Investigative DermatologyPathogenic variants in genes encoding connexins that cause skin diseases, such as keratitis-ichthyosis-deafness (KID) syndrome and hidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (HED) or Clouston syndrome, display increased hemichannel activity. Mechanistic insights derived from biophysical studies of the variant connexins support the hypothesis that inhibition of the ...
Fabio Mammano +2 more
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Functional differences between human Cx37 polymorphic hemichannels
Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, 2009A polymorphism in the human Cx37 gene (C1019T), resulting in a non-conservative amino acid change in the regulatory C-terminus of the Cx37 protein (P319S), has been proposed as a prognostic marker for atherosclerosis. We have recently demonstrated that Cx37 hemichannels control the initiation of atherosclerotic plaque development by regulating ATP ...
Derouette, Jean-Paul +5 more
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Cellular Signalling
The emerging role of glial cells in modulating neuronal excitability and synaptic strength is a growing field in neuroscience. In recent years, a pivotal role of gliotransmission in homeostatic presynaptic plasticity has been highlighted and glial-derived ATP arises as a key contributor.
Alberto, Rafael +5 more
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The emerging role of glial cells in modulating neuronal excitability and synaptic strength is a growing field in neuroscience. In recent years, a pivotal role of gliotransmission in homeostatic presynaptic plasticity has been highlighted and glial-derived ATP arises as a key contributor.
Alberto, Rafael +5 more
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Physiological Functions of Glial Cell Hemichannels
2016The brain performs exceptionally complex and dynamic tasks that depend on the coordinated interaction of neurons, glial cells, endothelial cells, pericytes, smooth muscle cells, ependymal cells, and circulating blood cells. Among these cells, glial cells have emerged as crucial protagonists in the regulation of synaptic transmission and neural function.
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