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The Kallikrein–Kinin System In Humans
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology, 2001SUMMARY1. Kinin peptides are implicated in many physiological and pathological processes, including the regulation of blood pressure and sodium homeostasis, inflammation and the cardioprotective effects of preconditioning. In humans, the plasma and tissue kallikrein–kinin systems (KKS) generate bradykinin and kallidin peptides, respectively.2.
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The Kallikrein-Kinin System in the Kidney
2015To understand the role of the kallikrein-kinin system in the kidney all components of the system and their localization need to be considered. About half the kallikrein in urine occurs as the proenzyme which arises in the distal tubule. Kinins are formed in the distal tubule and collecting duct from urokinnogen which is found throughout the tubule ...
J J, Pisano +3 more
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The Kallikrein-Kinin System and the Kidney
Annual Review of Physiology, 1984Kallikrein (E.C. 3.4.21.8) was first found in mammalian urine more than 70 years ago (I). This urinary enzyme is now known to be synthesized in the kidney, to have biochemical actions and structural features similar to several other mammalian proteinases, and to be regulated by hormones that control important aspects of renal function.
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The development of insulitis and the kallikrein–kinin system
International Immunopharmacology, 2002Data derived from animals and humans suggest that the onset of diabetes is associated with hemodynamic changes in the renal circulation leading to increased renal plasma flow (RPF), glomerular capillary hyperfusion, and an increased glomerular transcapillary hydraulic pressure gradient.
Adriana, Zucollo +4 more
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Kallikrein-Kinins in the Central Nervous System
Clinical and Experimental Hypertension. Part A: Theory and Practice, 1984We studied whether the components of the kallikrein-kinin system are present in the central nervous system. We found that human cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) contains free kinins: 53 +/- 15 pg/ml; kininogen: 10.9 +/- 2.1 ng kinin equivalent/ml, and kininogenase activity: 5.0 +/- 2.1 ng kinins/ml/minute.
A G, Scicli +4 more
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Plasma Kallikrein-Kinin System in Septicemia
Archives of Surgery, 1983Plasma prekallikrein and functional kallikrein inhibition were studied in 18 surgical patients with complicating septicemia using chromogenic peptide substrate assays. Nine patients died and nine survived. In all 18 patients plasma prekallikrein values were reduced markedly when septicemia was diagnosed.
A O, Aasen +2 more
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The Kallikrein-Kinin System in Diabetic Retinopathy
2014Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a major microvascular complication associated with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus, which can lead to visual impairment and blindness. Current treatment strategies for DR are mostly limited to laser therapies, steroids, and anti-VEGF agents, which are often associated with unwanted side effects leading to further ...
Menakshi, Bhat +3 more
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The renin–angiotensin and the kallikrein–kinin systems
The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology, 2003The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and the kallikrein-kinin system (KKS) each encompasses a large number of molecules, with several participating in both systems. The RAS generates a family of bioactive angiotensin peptides with varying biological activities.
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The Kallikrein/Kinin System in Ocular Function
Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 2011The kallikrein/kinin system uses two distinct serine proteases, plasma kallikrein and tissue kallikrein, to yield bradykinin and Lys-bradykinin (kallidin) from specific substrate kininogens. The kallikrein/kinin system is known to have a role in contact-activated coagulation mechanisms and in inflammatory responses, and recently has been shown to ...
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Pulmonary Anaphylaxis and the Kallikrein-Kinin System
1979The kallikrein-kinin system has been thought to participate in the pathogenesis of anaphylaxis. Kallikrein, released from lungs, has been postulated to contribute to cardiovascular collapse. Further to test the hypothesis, we examined for the occurrence of a kallikrein-like enzyme in guinea pig lungs and examined for release of such an enzyme by ...
N B, Oza +4 more
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