Results 21 to 30 of about 2,217 (207)

Methadone, Buprenorphine, and Clonidine Attenuate Mitragynine Withdrawal in Rats

Frontiers in Pharmacology, 2021
Background: Kratom or Mitragyna speciosa Korth has been widely used to relieve the severity of opioid withdrawal in natural settings. However, several studies have reported that kratom may by itself cause dependence following chronic consumption.
Rahimah Hassan, Sasidharan Sreenivasan, Christian P. Müller, Christian P. Müller, Zurina Hassan, Zurina Hassan   +5 more
doaj   +1 more source

Directed Biosynthesis of Mitragynine Stereoisomers

Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2022
ABSTRACT Mitragyna speciosa (“Kratom”) is used as a natural remedy for pain and management of opioid dependence. The pharmacological properties of Kratom have been linked to a complex mixture of monoterpene indole alkaloids, most notably mitragynine.
Carsten Schotte, Yindi Jiang, Dagny Grzech, Thu-Thuy T. Dang, Larissa C. Laforest, Francisco León, Marco Mottinelli, Satya Swathi Nadakuduti, Christopher R. McCurdy, Sarah E. O’Connor   +9 more
openaire   +3 more sources

Adolescent kratom exposure affects cognitive behaviours and brain metabolite profiles in Sprague-Dawley rats

Frontiers in Pharmacology, 2022
Adolescence is a critical developmental period during which exposure to psychoactive substances like kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) can cause long-lasting deleterious effects.
Aiman Nadhirah Zul Aznal, Nurul Aqmar Mohamad Nor Hazalin, Zurina Hassan, Noorul Hamizah Mat, Nelson Jeng-Yeou Chear, Lay Kek Teh, Mohd Zaki Salleh, Farah Wahida Suhaimi   +7 more
doaj   +1 more source

The Chemical and Pharmacological Properties of Mitragynine and Its Diastereomers: An Insight Review

Frontiers in Pharmacology, 2022
Mitragynine, is a naturally occurring indole alkaloid that can be isolated from the leaves of a psychoactive medicinal plant. Mitragyna speciosa, also known as kratom, is found to possess promising analgesic effects on mediating the opioid receptors such
Thiruventhan Karunakaran, Thiruventhan Karunakaran, Kok Zhuo Ngew, Kok Zhuo Ngew, Ahmad Alif Danial Zailan, Vivien Yi Mian Jong, Mohamad Hafizi Abu Bakar   +6 more
doaj   +1 more source

The cellular toxicology of mitragynine, the dominant alkaloid of the narcotic-like herb, Mitragyna speciosa Korth [PDF]

, 2015
Mitragyna speciosa Korth (Kratom), a herb of the Rubiaceae family is indigenous to southeast Asia. The plant and its dominant alkaloid mitragynine (MIT) are narcotic/analgesic and illicit consumption is widespread in Asia; the toxicological consequences ...
Gooderham, NJ, Holmes, E, Saidin, NA, Takayama, H   +3 more
core   +5 more sources

Comparison of Extraction Variations on Mitragynine Level of Three Variants of Kratom Leaves (Mitragyna speciosa Korth)

EduChemia, 2023
Kratom leaves are known as traditional medicine with various benefits, such as antibacterial, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties. These benefits are attributed to the presence of secondary metabolites, particularly mitragynine.
Syrifah Nur Intan Mutiara, Masriani Masriani, Rini Muharini, Ajuk Sapar, Rahmat Rasmawan   +4 more
doaj   +1 more source

The respiratory depressant effects of mitragynine are limited by its conversion to 7‐OH mitragynine

British Journal of Pharmacology, 2022
Background and PurposeMitragynine, the major alkaloid in Mitragyna speciosa (kratom), is a partial agonist at the μ opioid receptor. CYP3A‐dependent oxidation of mitragynine yields the metabolite 7‐OH mitragynine, a more efficacious μ receptor agonist.
Rob Hill, Andrew C. Kruegel, Jonathan A. Javitch, J. Robert Lane, Meritxell Canals   +4 more
openaire   +2 more sources

Evaluation of the cardiotoxicity of mitragynine and its analogues using human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. [PDF]

PLoS ONE, 2014
INTRODUCTION:Mitragynine is a major bioactive compound of Kratom, which is derived from the leave extracts of Mitragyna speciosa Korth or Mitragyna speciosa (M. speciosa), a medicinal plant from South East Asia used legally in many countries as stimulant
Jun Lu, Heming Wei, Jianjun Wu, Mohd Fadzly Amar Jamil, Mei Lan Tan, Mohd Ilham Adenan, Philip Wong, Winston Shim   +7 more
doaj   +1 more source

Total Synthesis and Structural Plasticity of Kratom Pseudoindoxyl Metabolites**

Angewandte Chemie, Volume 135, Issue 35, August 28, 2023., 2023
Although opioids have been used in the treatment of pain for centuries, they cause various adverse effects and addiction. Recently, kratom alkaloids emerged as promising analgesic alternatives for pain management with considerably fewer side effects. The first scalable total synthesis of mitragynine pseudoindoxyl, the most potent atypical opioid kratom
Péter Angyal, Kristóf Hegedüs, Bence Balázs Mészáros, János Daru, Ádám Dudás, Anna Rita Galambos, Nariman Essmat, Mahmoud Al‐Khrasani, Szilárd Varga, Tibor Soós   +9 more
wiley   +2 more sources

Mitragynine (Kratom)-Induced Cognitive Impairments in Mice Resemble Δ9-THC and Morphine Effects: Reversal by Cannabinoid CB1 Receptor Antagonism

Frontiers in Pharmacology, 2021
Kratom is a widely abused plant-based drug preparation with a global interest in recent years, well beyond its native grounds in Southeast Asia. Mitragynine, its major psychoactive constituent is known to exhibit opioid-like behavioral effects with ...
Ismail Nurul Iman, Nur Aimi Zawami Ahmad, Nurul Aiman Mohd Yusof, Ummi Nasrah Talib, Anwar Norazit, Jaya Kumar, Muhammad Zulfadli Mehat, Zurina Hassan, Christian P. Müller, Christian P. Müller, Mustapha Muzaimi   +10 more
doaj   +1 more source