Results 101 to 110 of about 113,465,300 (217)

Exogenous ketosis in breath‐hold diving: Promise, paradox and physiological risk

Experimental Physiology, EarlyView.
Abstract Exogenous ketosis induced by ketone ester (KE) ingestion has attracted growing interest as a potential strategy to enhance physiological tolerance to reduced O2 availability. Reported benefits arise largely from KE‐induced hyperventilation, which can improve systemic and tissue oxygenation during altitude exposure and hypoxic exercise ...
Ivan Drviš, Myrthe Stalmans, Dario Vrdoljak, Nikola Foretic, Damian M. Bailey, Željko Dujić   +5 more
wiley   +1 more source

Monocarboxylate transporter 1 promotes classical microglial activation and pro-inflammatory effect via 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2, 6-biphosphatase 3

Journal of Neuroinflammation, 2019
Background Microglia, the resident macrophages of central nervous system, have been initially categorized into two opposite phenotypes: classical activation related to pro-inflammatory responses and alternative activation corresponding with anti ...
Liang Kong, Zehua Wang, Xiaohong Liang, Yue Wang, Lifen Gao, Chunhong Ma   +5 more
doaj   +1 more source

Inhibition of monocarboxylate transporter 1 suppresses the proliferation of glioblastoma stem cells

The Journal of Physiological Sciences, 2016
Recent evidence suggests that a minor subset of cancer cells, termed cancer stem cells (CSCs), have self-renewal and tumorigenic potential. Therefore, the characterization of CSCs is important for developing therapeutic strategies against cancer. Cancer cells rely on anaerobic glycolysis to produce ATP even under normoxic conditions, resulting in the ...
Tetsuya, Takada, Kazuyuki, Takata, Eishi, Ashihara   +2 more
openaire   +2 more sources

MCT1‐mediated bidirectional propionate transport across human placental syncytiotrophoblast layer: insights from a trophoblast stem cell‐derived barrier model

The Journal of Physiology, EarlyView.
Abstract figure legend Propionate in the fetal circulation is thought to originate from fermentation of dietary fibre by the maternal gut microbiota. However, the mechanism of transplacental transport has remained unclear. Here, we measured propionate permeability using a placental barrier model generated by differentiating human placental trophoblast ...
Toshiaki Tsuchitani, Rin Midorikawa, Akari Kasuya, Saki Noguchi, Kohei Yamamoto, Tomohiro Nishimura, Hirokazu Kaji, Takeshi Hori, Masatoshi Tomi   +8 more
wiley   +1 more source

A review of xenobiotic membrane transporter expression within the human placenta: Lessons gained from primary tissue and in vitro methodologies

The Journal of Physiology, EarlyView.
Abstract figure legend A summary of the current knowledge around membrane transporter expression in the most widely used in vitro models of human trophoblasts, including primary placental tissue, cancer cell lines and trophoblast stem cells, as well as the techniques to attempt to mimic the human placenta in vivo.
Rhiannon Pass, Kathryn Wolton, Amanda N. Sferruzzi‐Perri   +2 more
wiley   +1 more source

Glucose transporter 1 and monocarboxylate transporters 1, 2, and 4 localization within the glial cells of shark blood-brain-barriers.

PLoS ONE, 2012
Although previous studies showed that glucose is used to support the metabolic activity of the cartilaginous fish brain, the distribution and expression levels of glucose transporter (GLUT) isoforms remained undetermined.
Carolina Balmaceda-Aguilera, Christian Cortés-Campos, Manuel Cifuentes, Bruno Peruzzo, Lauren Mack, Juan Carlos Tapia, Karina Oyarce, María Angeles García, Francisco Nualart   +8 more
doaj   +1 more source

Maternal nutrition as a key determinant of placental and developing blood–brain barrier xenobiotic protective functions

The Journal of Physiology, EarlyView.
Abstract figure legend Suboptimal maternal nutrition alters placental and developing blood–brain barrier (BBB) protective function and is associated with increased fetal brain vulnerability. In the placenta, nutritional adversity may reduce the exchange surface area and promote meta‐inflammation, compromising barrier efficiency in a model‐ and context ...
Kristin L. Connor, Nycolle I. S. Souza, Bruno G. Anjos, Stephen G. Matthews, Enrrico Bloise   +4 more
wiley   +1 more source

An experimental study on shrimp bioactive peptides restoring testicular function in a rat model of fatty liver disease via autophagy, redox balance, and energy transporters

International Journal of Reproductive BioMedicine
Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is a widely prevalent condition in the modern era, with potential adverse effects on fertility and the reproductive system.
Sahar Javanmard, Ebrahim Najdegerami, Mazdak Razi, Mehdi Nikoo   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

Ketogenic diet improves forelimb motor function after spinal cord injury in rodents.

PLoS ONE, 2013
High fat, low carbohydrate ketogenic diets (KD) are validated non-pharmacological treatments for some forms of drug-resistant epilepsy. Ketones reduce neuronal excitation and promote neuroprotection.
Femke Streijger, Ward T Plunet, Jae H T Lee, Jie Liu, Clarrie K Lam, Soeyun Park, Brett J Hilton, Bas L Fransen, Keely A J Matheson, Peggy Assinck, Brian K Kwon, Wolfram Tetzlaff   +11 more
doaj   +1 more source

Virus‐specific alterations in placental structure and transporter expression following maternal arbovirus infection

The Journal of Physiology, EarlyView.
Abstract figure legend Arboviruses induce virus‐specific alterations in placental structure and functional markers. Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) exposure was associated with reduced syncytiotrophoblast and syncytial knot areas, increased cytotrophoblast proliferation (Ki‐67) and thyroid transporter (MCT8) expression, reduced protective (P‐gp and BCRP ...
Cherley B. V. Andrade, Enrrico Bloise, Natália L. Silva, Jair R. S. Braga, Sharton V. A. Coelho, Veronica M. O. Nascimento, Guinever E. Imperio, Camila O. S. Nunes, Antônio J. L. A. Cunha, Marcelo A. Pascoal‐Xavier, Luciana B. Arruda, Arnaldo Prata‐Barbosa, Kristin L. Connor, Tania M. Ortiga‐Carvalho   +13 more
wiley   +1 more source