Results 11 to 20 of about 233,587 (310)
Microbes and Infection, 2000 Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a growing family of molecules involved in innate immunity. Accumulating evidence suggests that TLR molecules are involved in signalling receptor complexes which recognise components of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and mycobacteria.
Marta Muzio, Alberto Mantovani
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Current Biology, 2011 SummaryBeginning with the physical barrier presented by the epithelium, infectious agents such as viruses and bacteria encounter an array of cellular and molecular countermeasures that evolved within the host to resist them. Host immune responses are of two types, termed innate and adaptive.
Eva Marie Y Moresco +2 more
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Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy, 2012 Mammals sense pathogen invasion through pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs). A group of transmembrane proteins, Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are mainly expressed on antigen-presenting cells, such as macrophages or dendritic cells, and play critical roles as PRRs (1).
Yeon Soon Jung, Ho Sik Shin, Hark Rim
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Toll-Like Receptors in Atherosclerosis [PDF]
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2013 Atherosclerosis, the leading cause of cardiovascular disease (CVD), is driven by inflammation. Increasing evidence suggests that toll-like receptors (TLRs) are key orchestrators of the atherosclerotic disease process. Interestingly, a distinct picture is being revealed for individual receptors in atherosclerosis.
Falck-Hansen, M +2 more
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Toll-Like Receptors in Angiogenesis [PDF]
The Scientific World JOURNAL, 2011 Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are known as pattern-recognition receptors related to the Toll protein ofDrosophila. After recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns of microbial origin, the TLRs alert the immune system, and initiate innate and adaptive immune responses.
Bernhard Schieffer +2 more
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Toll-Like Receptors in Neurodegeneration [PDF]
Brain Research Reviews, 2009 Innate pattern recognition receptors are implicated in first-line defense against pathogens but also participate in maintenance of tissue homeostasis and response to injury. This chapter reviews the role of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in neuronal and glial responses that are associated with neurodegeneration.
Justin D. Lathia +6 more
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Intracellular Toll-like Receptors [PDF]
Immunity, 2010 Foreign nucleic acids, the signature of invading viruses and certain bacteria, are sensed intracellularly. The nucleic acid-specific Toll-like receptors (TLRs) detect and signal within endolysosomal compartments, triggering the induction of cytokines essential for the innate immune response.
Bruce Beutler, Amanda L. Blasius
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Annual Review of Immunology, 2003 The innate immune system in drosophila and mammals senses the invasion of microorganisms using the family of Toll receptors, stimulation of which initiates a range of host defense mechanisms. In drosophila antimicrobial responses rely on two signaling pathways: the Toll pathway and the IMD pathway.
Kiyoshi Takeda +2 more
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Toll-like receptor signaling pathways
Frontiers in Immunology, 2014 Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play crucial roles in the innate immune system by recognizing pathogen-associated molecular patterns derived from various microbes. TLRs signal through the recruitment of specific adaptor molecules, leading to activation of the
Taro eKawai, Takumi eKawasaki
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Toll-like Receptors and Thrombopoiesis
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2023 Platelets are the second most abundant blood component after red blood cells and can participate in a variety of physiological and pathological functions. Beyond its traditional role in hemostasis and thrombosis, it also plays an indispensable role in inflammatory diseases. However, thrombocytopenia is a common hematologic problem in the clinic, and it
Xiaoqin Tang +11 more
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