Results 31 to 40 of about 713,910 (249)

Chromosome Compaction by Active Loop Extrusion [PDF]

Biophysical Journal, 2016
During cell division, chromosomes are compacted in length by more than a 100-fold. A wide range of experiments demonstrated that in their compacted state, mammalian chromosomes form arrays of closely stacked consecutive ∼100 kb loops. The mechanism underlying the active process of chromosome compaction into a stack of loops is unknown. Here we test the
Marko, John F., Goloborodko, Anton, Mirny, Leonid A   +2 more
openaire   +4 more sources

Sensitivity of cohesin–chromatin association to high-salt treatment corroborates non-topological mode of loop extrusion

Epigenetics & Chromatin, 2021
Cohesin is a key organizer of chromatin folding in eukaryotic cells. The two main activities of this ring-shaped protein complex are the maintenance of sister chromatid cohesion and the establishment of long-range DNA–DNA interactions through the process
Arkadiy K. Golov, Anastasia V. Golova, Alexey A. Gavrilov, Sergey V. Razin   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

Cohesin and condensin extrude DNA loops in a cell cycle-dependent manner

eLife, 2020
Loop extrusion by structural maintenance of chromosomes (SMC) complexes has been proposed as a mechanism to organize chromatin in interphase and metaphase. However, the requirements for chromatin organization in these cell cycle phases are different, and
Stefan Golfier, Thomas Quail, Hiroshi Kimura, Jan Brugués   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

Multi-feature clustering of CTCF binding creates robustness for loop extrusion blocking and Topologically Associating Domain boundaries

Nature Communications, 2023
Topologically Associating Domains (TADs) separate vertebrate genomes into insulated regulatory neighborhoods that focus genome-associated processes. TADs are formed by Cohesin-mediated loop extrusion, with many TAD boundaries consisting of clustered ...
Li-Hsin Chang, Sourav Ghosh, Andrea Papale, Jennifer M. Luppino, Mélanie Miranda, Vincent Piras, Jéril Degrouard, Joanne Edouard, Mallory Poncelet, Nathan Lecouvreur, Sébastien Bloyer, Amélie Leforestier, Eric F. Joyce, David Holcman, Daan Noordermeer   +14 more
doaj   +1 more source

Entropic Competition between Supercoiled and Torsionally Relaxed Chromatin Fibers Drives Loop Extrusion through Pseudo-Topologically Bound Cohesin

Biology, 2021
We propose a model for cohesin-mediated loop extrusion, where the loop extrusion is driven entropically by the energy difference between supercoiled and torsionally relaxed chromatin fibers.
Renáta Rusková, Dušan Račko
doaj   +1 more source

Characterization of induced cohesin loop extrusion trajectories in living cells. [PDF]

Nat Genet
Cohesin (SMC1–SMC3–RAD21) constantly extrudes DNA loops to organize chromosomes into structural domains, pausing and anchoring at specific DNA-bound CTCF molecules.
Han R, Huang Y, Robers MJ, Magnitov M, Vaandrager I, Allahyar A, Verstegen MJAM, Zhang K, de Wit E, de Laat W, Krijger PHL.   +10 more
europepmc   +2 more sources

Theory and simulations of condensin mediated loop extrusion in DNA [PDF]

Nature Communications, 2020
Abstract Condensation of hundreds of mega-base-pair-long human chromosomes in a small nuclear volume is a spectacular biological phenomenon. This process is driven by the formation of chromosome loops. The ATP consuming motor, condensin, interacts with chromatin segments to actively extrude loops.
Ryota Takaki, Atreya Dey, Guang Shi, D. Thirumalai   +3 more
openaire   +5 more sources

Modeling of DNA binding to the condensin hinge domain using molecular dynamics simulations guided by atomic force microscopy.

PLoS Computational Biology, 2021
The condensin protein complex compacts chromatin during mitosis using its DNA-loop extrusion activity. Previous studies proposed scrunching and loop-capture models as molecular mechanisms for the loop extrusion process, both of which assume the binding ...
Hiroki Koide, Noriyuki Kodera, Shveta Bisht, Shoji Takada, Tsuyoshi Terakawa   +4 more
doaj   +1 more source

Extrusion pressure generated in high alumina content paste extrusion [PDF]

, 2010
Four different alumina pastes with various solvent volume fractions were processed by extrusion free forming and the pressures generated in the extrusion process were recorded and analyzed.
Evans, J.R.G., S. Yang, J.R.G. Evans, Yang, shoufeng, Evans, J.RG., X.P. Chi, Yang, S., Chi, X.P.   +7 more
core   +1 more source

Cohesin biology meets the loop extrusion model [PDF]

Chromosome Research, 2017
Extensive research has revealed that cohesin acts as a topological device, trapping chromosomal DNA within a large tripartite ring. In so doing, cohesin contributes to the formation of compact and organized genomes. How exactly the cohesin subunits interact, how it opens, closes, and translocates on chromatin, and how it actually tethers DNA strands ...
Barrington, C, Finn, R, Hadjur, S
openaire   +3 more sources