Results 21 to 30 of about 19,057 (244)

Chromosome organization by one-sided and two-sided loop extrusion [PDF]

eLife, 2020
SMC complexes, such as condensin or cohesin, organize chromatin throughout the cell cycle by a process known as loop extrusion. SMC complexes reel in DNA, extruding and progressively growing DNA loops.
Edward J Banigan, Aafke A van den Berg, Hugo B Brandão, John F Marko, Leonid A Mirny   +4 more
doaj   +2 more sources

Cohesin supercoils DNA during loop extrusion

Cell Reports
Cohesin extrudes genomic DNA into loops that promote chromatin assembly, gene regulation, and gene recombination. Loop extrusion depends on large-scale conformational changes in cohesin, but how these translocate DNA is poorly understood. Here, we provide evidence that cohesin negatively supercoils DNA during loop extrusion.
Jan-Michaél Peters
exaly   +4 more sources

Loop-extrusion-mediated plasmid DNA cleavage by the bacterial SMC Wadjet complex [PDF]

Molecular Cell
Structural maintenance of chromosomes (SMC) complexes play pivotal roles in genome organization and maintenance across all domains of life. In prokaryotes, SMC-family Wadjet complexes structurally resemble the widespread MukBEF but serve a defensive role
Kevin Corbett, Eugene Kim, Biswajit Pradhan   +2 more
exaly   +5 more sources

A Brownian ratchet model for DNA loop extrusion by the cohesin complex [PDF]

eLife, 2021
The cohesin complex topologically encircles DNA to promote sister chromatid cohesion. Alternatively, cohesin extrudes DNA loops, thought to reflect chromatin domain formation. Here, we propose a structure-based model explaining both activities.
Torahiko L Higashi, Georgii Pobegalov, Minzhe Tang, Maxim I Molodtsov, Frank Uhlmann   +4 more
doaj   +5 more sources

Active Loop Extrusion guides DNA-Protein Condensation [PDF]

Physical Review Letters
The spatial organization of DNA involves DNA loop extrusion and the formation of protein-DNA condensates. While the significance of each process is increasingly recognized, their interplay remains unexplored. Using molecular dynamics simulation and theory we investigate this interplay. Our findings reveal that loop extrusion can enhance the dynamics of
Ryota Takaki, Yahor Savich, Jan Brugués, Frank Jülicher   +3 more
core   +7 more sources

Chromosome Compaction by Active Loop Extrusion [PDF]

Biophysical Journal, 2016
During cell division, chromosomes are compacted in length by more than a 100-fold. A wide range of experiments demonstrated that in their compacted state, mammalian chromosomes form arrays of closely stacked consecutive ∼100 kb loops. The mechanism underlying the active process of chromosome compaction into a stack of loops is unknown. Here we test the
Marko, John F., Goloborodko, Anton, Mirny, Leonid A   +2 more
openaire   +7 more sources

Active loop extrusion modulates the mechanical response of chromatin under tension [PDF]

Physical Review Research
Chromosomes are complex biopolymers folded into dynamic loops via a loop-extrusion process and may experience various mechanical forces in vivo. We develop a force-dependent model of chromatin loop extrusion and investigate its mechanical consequences on
Hossein Salari, Daniel Jost
doaj   +2 more sources

Nuclear morphology is shaped by loop-extrusion programs. [PDF]

Nature
It is well established that neutrophils adopt malleable polymorphonuclear shapes to migrate through narrow interstitial tissue spaces1-3. However, how polymorphonuclear structures are assembled remains unknown4. Here we show that in neutrophil progenitors, halting loop extrusion-a motor-powered process that generates DNA loops by pulling in chromatin5 ...
Patta I, Zand M, Lee L, Mishra S, Bortnick A, Lu H, Prusty A, McArdle S, Mikulski Z, Wang HY, Cheng CS, Fisch KM, Hu M, Murre C.   +13 more
europepmc   +8 more sources

Chromatin organization by an interplay of loop extrusion and compartmental segregation [PDF]

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2017
Significance Human DNA is 2 m long and is folded into a 10-μm-sized cellular nucleus. Experiments have revealed two major features of genome organization: Segregation of alternating active and inactive regions into compartments, and formation of compacted local domains.
Johannes Nuebler, Geoffrey Fudenberg, Maxim Imakaev, Nezar Abdennur, Leonid A. Mirny   +4 more
openaire   +8 more sources

Real-time imaging of DNA loop extrusion by condensin [PDF]

Science, 2018
Live imaging of DNA loop extrusion To spatially organize chromosomes, ring-shaped protein complexes including condensin and cohesin have been hypothesized to extrude DNA loops. Condensin has been shown to exhibit a DNA-translocating motor function, but extrusion has not been observed directly.
Ganji, Mahipal, Shaltiel, Indra A., Bisht, Shveta, Kim, Eugene, Kalichava, Ana, Haering, Christian H., Dekker, Cees   +6 more
openaire   +7 more sources