Results 11 to 20 of about 19,057 (244)

Telomeres stall DNA loop extrusion by condensin [PDF]

Cell Reports
Summary: DNA loop extrusion by SMC proteins is a key process underlying chromosomal organization. It is unknown how loop extruders interact with telomeres where DNA is densely covered with proteins.
Brian T. Analikwu, Alice Deshayes, Jaco van der Torre, Thomas M. Guérin, Allard J. Katan, Claire Béneut, Roman Barth, Jamie Phipps, Vittore Scolari, Xavier Veaute, Didier Busso, Karine Dubrana, Stefano Mattarocci, Cees Dekker, Stéphane Marcand   +14 more
doaj   +7 more sources

Formation of Chromosomal Domains by Loop Extrusion [PDF]

Cell Reports, 2016
Topologically associating domains (TADs) are fundamental structural and functional building blocks of human interphase chromosomes, yet the mechanisms of TAD formation remain unclear. Here, we propose that loop extrusion underlies TAD formation.
Geoffrey Fudenberg, Maxim Imakaev, Carolyn Lu, Anton Goloborodko, Nezar Abdennur, Leonid A. Mirny   +5 more
doaj   +9 more sources

Fluidification of entangled polymers by loop extrusion [PDF]

Physical Review Research
Loop extrusion is one of the main processes shaping chromosome organization across the cell cycle, yet its role in regulating deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) entanglement and nucleoplasm viscoelasticity remains overlooked.
Filippo Conforto, Yair Gutierrez Fosado, Davide Michieletto   +2 more
doaj   +4 more sources

Three-dimensional loop extrusion. [PDF]

Biophys J, 2021
Loop extrusion convincingly describes how certain Structural Maintenance of Chromosome (SMC) proteins mediate the formation of large DNA loops. Yet, most of the existing computational models cannot reconcile recent in vitro observations showing that condensins can traverse each other, bypass large ...
Bonato A, Michieletto D.
europepmc   +11 more sources

The interplay between asymmetric and symmetric DNA loop extrusion [PDF]

eLife, 2020
Chromosome compaction is essential for reliable transmission of genetic information. Experiments suggest that ∼1000-fold compaction is driven by condensin complexes that extrude chromatin loops, by progressively collecting chromatin fiber from one or ...
Edward J Banigan, Leonid A Mirny
doaj   +6 more sources

Condensin-driven loop extrusion on supercoiled DNA [PDF]

Nature Structural & Molecular Biology, 2021
Abstract Condensin, a structural maintenance of chromosomes (SMC) complex, has been shown to be a molecular motor protein that organizes chromosomes by extruding loops of DNA. In cells, such loop extrusion is challenged by many potential conflicts, e.g., the torsional stresses that are generated by other DNA-processing enzymes.
Eugene Kim, Alejandro Martin Gonzalez, Biswajit Pradhan, Jaco van der Torre, Cees Dekker   +4 more
core   +9 more sources

SMC complexes: Lifting the lid on loop extrusion [PDF]

Current Opinion in Cell Biology, 2022
Loop extrusion has emerged as a prominent hypothesis for how SMC complexes shape chromosomes - single molecule in vitro observations have yielded fascinating images of this process. When not extruding loops, SMC complexes are known to topologically entrap one or more DNAs. Here, we review how structural insight into the SMC complex cohesin has led to a
Torahiko L. Higashi, Frank Uhlmann
openaire   +3 more sources

Emerging Evidence of Chromosome Folding by Loop Extrusion [PDF]

Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology, 2017
Abstract Chromosome organization poses a remarkable physical problem with many biological consequences: how can molecular interactions between proteins at the nanometer scale organize micron-long chromatinized DNA molecules, insulating or facilitating interactions between specific genomic elements? The mechanism of active loop extrusion
Fudenberg, Geoffrey, Abdennur, Nezar, Imakaev, Maxim, Goloborodko, Anton, Mirny, Leonid A.   +4 more
core   +8 more sources

Theory of chromatin organization maintained by active loop extrusion [PDF]

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2023
The active loop extrusion hypothesis proposes that chromatin threads through the cohesin protein complex into progressively larger loops until reaching specific boundary elements. We build upon this hypothesis and develop an analytical theory for active loop extrusion which predicts that loop formation probability is a nonmonotonic function of loop ...
Michael Rubinstein, Brian Chan
exaly   +4 more sources

Chromatin Loop Extrusion and Chromatin Unknotting [PDF]

Polymers, 2018
It has been a puzzle how decondensed interphase chromosomes remain essentially unknotted. The natural expectation is that in the presence of type II DNA topoisomerases that permit passages of double-stranded DNA regions through each other, all chromosomes should reach the state of topological equilibrium.
Racko, Dusan, Benedetti, Fabrizio, Goundaroulis, Dimos, Stasiak, Andrzej   +3 more
openaire   +6 more sources