Results 11 to 20 of about 713,910 (249)

Formation of Chromosomal Domains by Loop Extrusion [PDF]

Cell Reports, 2016
Topologically associating domains (TADs) are fundamental structural and functional building blocks of human interphase chromosomes, yet the mechanisms of TAD formation remain unclear. Here, we propose that loop extrusion underlies TAD formation.
Geoffrey Fudenberg, Maxim Imakaev, Carolyn Lu, Anton Goloborodko, Nezar Abdennur, Leonid A. Mirny   +5 more
doaj   +7 more sources

Fluidification of entangled polymers by loop extrusion [PDF]

Physical Review Research
Loop extrusion is one of the main processes shaping chromosome organization across the cell cycle, yet its role in regulating deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) entanglement and nucleoplasm viscoelasticity remains overlooked.
Filippo Conforto, Yair Gutierrez Fosado, Davide Michieletto   +2 more
doaj   +4 more sources

Three-dimensional loop extrusion. [PDF]

Biophys J, 2021
Loop extrusion convincingly describes how certain Structural Maintenance of Chromosome (SMC) proteins mediate the formation of large DNA loops. Yet, most of the existing computational models cannot reconcile recent in vitro observations showing that ...
Bonato A, Michieletto D.
europepmc   +9 more sources

Condensin-driven loop extrusion on supercoiled DNA [PDF]

Nature Structural & Molecular Biology, 2022
Condensin, a structural maintenance of chromosomes (SMC) complex, has been shown to be a molecular motor protein that organizes chromosomes by extruding loops of DNA.
Pradhan, B., van der Torre, J., Kim, E. ; https://orcid.org/, Dekker, C., Gonzelez, A.   +4 more
core   +7 more sources

A Brownian ratchet model for DNA loop extrusion by the cohesin complex [PDF]

eLife, 2021
The cohesin complex topologically encircles DNA to promote sister chromatid cohesion. Alternatively, cohesin extrudes DNA loops, thought to reflect chromatin domain formation. Here, we propose a structure-based model explaining both activities.
Torahiko L Higashi, Georgii Pobegalov, Minzhe Tang, Maxim I Molodtsov, Frank Uhlmann   +4 more
doaj   +4 more sources

SMC complexes: Lifting the lid on loop extrusion.

Current Opinion in Cell Biology, 2022
Loop extrusion has emerged as a prominent hypothesis for how SMC complexes shape chromosomes - single molecule in vitro observations have yielded fascinating images of this process.
Torahiko L Higashi (9219092), Frank Uhlmann (54006)   +1 more
core   +3 more sources

Cohesin Supercoils DNA During Loop Extrusion

Cell Reports
Cohesin extrudes genomic DNA into loops that promote chromatin assembly, gene regulation, and gene recombination. Loop extrusion depends on large-scale conformational changes in cohesin, but how these translocate DNA is poorly understood. Here, we provide evidence that cohesin negatively supercoils DNA during loop extrusion.
Jan-Michael Peters
exaly   +4 more sources

Active Loop Extrusion guides DNA-Protein Condensation [PDF]

Physical Review Letters
The spatial organization of DNA involves DNA loop extrusion and the formation of protein-DNA condensates. While the significance of each process is increasingly recognized, their interplay remains unexplored.
Jülicher, Frank, Takaki, Ryota, Brugués, Jan, Savich, Yahor   +3 more
core   +7 more sources

Chromosome organization by one-sided and two-sided loop extrusion

eLife, 2020
SMC complexes, such as condensin or cohesin, organize chromatin throughout the cell cycle by a process known as loop extrusion. SMC complexes reel in DNA, extruding and progressively growing DNA loops.
Edward J Banigan, Aafke A van den Berg, Hugo B Brandão, John F Marko, Leonid A Mirny   +4 more
doaj   +2 more sources

Active loop extrusion modulates the mechanical response of chromatin under tension

Physical Review Research
Chromosomes are complex biopolymers folded into dynamic loops via a loop-extrusion process and may experience various mechanical forces in vivo. We develop a force-dependent model of chromatin loop extrusion and investigate its mechanical consequences on
Hossein Salari, Daniel Jost
doaj   +2 more sources