Results 41 to 50 of about 18,925 (244)
Two CTCF motifs impede cohesin-mediated DNA loop extrusion
Molecular CellRoman Barth +2 more
exaly +2 more sources
Theory and simulations of condensin mediated loop extrusion in DNA [PDF]
Nature Communications, 2020 Abstract Condensation of hundreds of mega-base-pair-long human chromosomes in a small nuclear volume is a spectacular biological phenomenon. This process is driven by the formation of chromosome loops. The ATP consuming motor, condensin, interacts with chromatin segments to actively extrude loops.
Ryota Takaki +3 more
openaire +5 more sources
The role of chromatin loop extrusion in antibody diversification. [PDF]
Nat Rev Immunol, 2022 Cohesin mediates chromatin loop formation across the genome by extruding chromatin between convergently oriented CTCF-binding elements. Recent studies indicate that cohesin-mediated loop extrusion in developing B cells presents immunoglobulin heavy chain (Igh) variable (V), diversity (D) and joining (J) gene segments to RAG endonuclease through a ...
Zhang Y, Zhang X, Dai HQ, Hu H, Alt FW.
europepmc +3 more sources
Cohesin biology meets the loop extrusion model [PDF]
Chromosome Research, 2017 Extensive research has revealed that cohesin acts as a topological device, trapping chromosomal DNA within a large tripartite ring. In so doing, cohesin contributes to the formation of compact and organized genomes. How exactly the cohesin subunits interact, how it opens, closes, and translocates on chromatin, and how it actually tethers DNA strands ...
Barrington, C, Finn, R, Hadjur, S
openaire +3 more sources
PLoS Computational Biology, 2021 The condensin protein complex compacts chromatin during mitosis using its DNA-loop extrusion activity. Previous studies proposed scrunching and loop-capture models as molecular mechanisms for the loop extrusion process, both of which assume the binding ...
Hiroki Koide +4 more
doaj +1 more source
TAD cliques predict key features of chromatin organization
BMC Genomics, 2021 Background Mechanisms underlying genome 3D organization and domain formation in the mammalian nucleus are not completely understood. Multiple processes such as transcriptional compartmentalization, DNA loop extrusion and interactions with the nuclear ...
Tharvesh M. Liyakat Ali +3 more
doaj +1 more source
Condensin loop extrusion properties, roadblocks, and role in homology search in S. cerevisiae
The in vivo mechanism, cis-acting roadblocks, and biological functions of loop extrusion by eukaryotic SMC complexes are incompletely defined. Here, we identify condensin-dependent Hi-C contact stripes at the Recombination Enhancer (RE) and the rDNA in S.
Piveteau V +6 more
europepmc +2 more sources
Effective model of loop extrusion predicts chromosomal domains [PDF]
Physical Review E, 2020 An active loop-extrusion mechanism is regarded as the main out--of--equilibrium mechanism responsible for the structuring of megabase-sized domains in chromosomes. We developed a model to study the dynamics of the chromosome fibre by solving the kinetic equations associated with the motion of the extruder.
Martina Crippa, Yinxiu Zhan, Guido Tiana
openaire +4 more sources
NIPBL and STAG1 enable loop extrusion by providing differential DNA-cohesin affinity. [PDF]
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S ADNA loop extrusion by cohesin has emerged as a critical pathway for chromosome organization. In vitro single-molecule experiments indicate that loop extrusion requires the assembly of a heteropentameric complex consisting of the SMC1/SMC3 heterodimer ...
van Wee R +8 more
europepmc +2 more sources
STAG2 promotes the myelination transcriptional program in oligodendrocytes
eLife, 2022 Cohesin folds chromosomes via DNA loop extrusion. Cohesin-mediated chromosome loops regulate transcription by shaping long-range enhancer–promoter interactions, among other mechanisms.
Ningyan Cheng +5 more
doaj +1 more source