Results 61 to 70 of about 713,910 (249)

DNA hypermethylation/boundary control loss identified in retinoblastomas associated with genetic and epigenetic inactivation of the RB1 gene promoter

Epigenetics, 2021
DNA hypermethylation events occur frequently in human cancers, but less is known of the mechanisms leading to their initiation. Retinoblastoma, an intraocular cancer affecting young children, involves bi-allelic inactivation of the RB1 gene (RB−/-).
AM Raizis, HM Racher, A Foucal, H Dimaras, BL Gallie, PM George   +5 more
doaj   +1 more source

Leucine‐rich glioma inactivated 1 (LGI1) is a ganglioside‐binding protein

FEBS Letters, EarlyView.
Neuronal hyperexcitability associated with a decrease/absence of the extracellular protein LGI1 has been suggested to be primarily due to the downregulation of Kv1 channel expression. The molecular mechanisms underlying this decrease have not yet been elucidated.
Kévin Debreux, Christian Lévêque, Fodil Azzaz, Marion Sangiardi, Sarosh R Irani, Michael Seagar, Jacques Fantini, Oussama El Far   +7 more
wiley   +1 more source

Condensin DC loads and spreads from recruitment sites to create loop-anchored TADs in C. elegans

eLife, 2022
Condensins are molecular motors that compact DNA via linear translocation. In Caenorhabditis elegans, the X-chromosome harbors a specialized condensin that participates in dosage compensation (DC).
Jun Kim, David S Jimenez, Bhavana Ragipani, Bo Zhang, Lena A Street, Maxwell Kramer, Sarah E Albritton, Lara H Winterkorn, Ana K Morao, Sevinc Ercan   +9 more
doaj   +1 more source

Tumour–host interactions in Drosophila: mechanisms in the tumour micro‐ and macroenvironment

Molecular Oncology, EarlyView.
This review examines how tumour–host crosstalk takes place at multiple levels of biological organisation, from local cell competition and immune crosstalk to organism‐wide metabolic and physiological collapse. Here, we integrate findings from Drosophila melanogaster studies that reveal conserved mechanisms through which tumours hijack host systems to ...
José Teles‐Reis, Tor Erik Rusten
wiley   +1 more source

Unique territorial and compartmental organization of chromosomes in the holocentric silkworm

The EMBO Journal
Hallmarks of multicellular eukaryotic genome organization are chromosome territories, compartments, and loop-extrusion-mediated structures, including TADs. However, these have mainly been observed in model organisms, and most eukaryotes remain unexplored.
José Gil, Emily Navarrete, Clio Hockens, Neil Chowdhury, Sameer Abraham, Gaétan Cornilleau, Elissa P Lei, Julien Mozziconacci, Edward J Banigan, Leah F Rosin, Leonid A Mirny, Héloïse Muller, Ines Anna Drinnenberg   +12 more
doaj   +1 more source

It’s all in the numbers: Cohesin stoichiometry

Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences, 2022
Cohesin, a structural maintenance of chromosome (SMC) complex, organizes chromatin into three-dimensional structures by threading chromatin into loops and stabilizing long-range chromatin interactions. Four subunits in a 1:1:1:1 ratio compose the cohesin
Avi Matityahu, Itay Onn
doaj   +1 more source

A Simplified Laminar Flow Model for the Pultrusion of Glass Fiber/Polyethylene Terephthalate Commingled Yarns

Advanced Engineering Materials, EarlyView.
A simplified thermoplastic pultrusion model is developed to predict thermal fields in glass fiber/polyethylene terephthalate (GF/PET) composites with reduced computational cost. By combining effective material homogenization, validation against literature data, and Gaussian‐process‐based optimization, the study reveals how heating limits, pulling speed,
Elder Soares, Nadège Bouchonneau, Christian Jochum, Donald Radford   +3 more
wiley   +1 more source

The role of loop extrusion in enhancer-mediated gene activation

Current Opinion in Genetics & Development, 2023
Gene expression patterns in complex multicellular organisms are regulated by enhancers, which communicate with their target gene promoters in three-dimensional (3D) chromatin structures. Despite advances in our understanding of the mechanisms that organize mammalian genomes into compartments and topologically associating domains (TADs), it is not well ...
Karpinska, Magdalena A, Oudelaar, Aukje Marieke   +1 more
openaire   +4 more sources

Large domains of heterochromatin direct the formation of short mitotic chromosome loops

eLife, 2020
During mitosis chromosomes reorganise into highly compact, rod-shaped forms, thought to consist of consecutive chromatin loops around a central protein scaffold.
Maximilian H Fitz-James, Pin Tong, Alison L Pidoux, Hakan Ozadam, Liyan Yang, Sharon A White, Job Dekker, Robin C Allshire   +7 more
doaj   +1 more source

Barrier effects on the kinetics of cohesin-mediated loop extrusion. [PDF]

Biophys J
Chromosome organization mediated by structural maintenance of chromosome complexes is crucial in many organisms. Cohesin extrudes chromatin into loops that are thought to lengthen until it is obstructed by CTCF proteins. In complex cellular environments, the loop extrusion machinery may encounter other chromatin-binding proteins.
Chen L, Zhang Z, Wang Z, Hong L, Wang H, Zhang J.   +5 more
europepmc   +3 more sources