Results 41 to 50 of about 147,258 (248)
Astrocyte Control of Zika Infection Is Independent of Interferon Type I and Type III Expression
Biology, 2022 Zika virus (ZIKV) is a pathogenic neurotropic virus that infects the central nervous system (CNS) and results in various neurological complications. Astrocytes are the dominant CNS cell producer of the antiviral cytokine IFN-β, however little is known ...
Mithun Das +5 more
doaj +1 more source
Type III Interferons in Viral Infection and Antiviral Immunity [PDF]
Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry, 2018 Interferons (IFNs) can serve as the first line of immune defense against viral infection. The identification of IFN-λs 1, 2, 3 & 4 (termed as type III IFNs) has revealed that the antiviral immune response to viruses contains more components than the type I IFNs that have been known for more than 50 years. IFN-λs are IFN-λ1 (IL-29), IFN-λ2 (IL-28a),
Jian-hua Zhou +5 more
openaire +3 more sources
Guarding the frontiers: the biology of type III interferons [PDF]
Nature Immunology, 2015 Type III interferons (IFNs) or IFN-λs regulate a similar set of genes as type I IFNs, but whereas type I IFNs act globally, IFN-λs primarily target mucosal epithelial cells and protect them against the frequent viral attacks that are typical for barrier tissues. IFN-λs thereby help to maintain healthy mucosal surfaces through immune protection, without
Andreas Wack +2 more
openaire +3 more sources
BMC Molecular and Cell Biology, 2020 Background Interferon-alpha (IFNα) is a first-line treatment option for chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, but the severe systemic side-effects limited its clinical application. Interferon-lambda (IFNλ) with comparable antiviral activity and less
Xiaoyan Guo +6 more
doaj +1 more source
mBio, 2016 Much of the morbidity and mortality associated with influenza virus respiratory infection is due to bacterial coinfection with pathogens that colonize the upper respiratory tract such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and ...
Paul J. Planet +9 more
doaj +1 more source
Interferon Lambda Genetics and Biology in Regulation of Viral Control
Frontiers in Immunology, 2017 Type III interferons, also known as interferon lambdas (IFNλs), are the most recent addition to the IFN family following their discovery in 2003. Initially, IFNλ was demonstrated to induce expression of interferon-stimulated genes and exert antiviral ...
Emily A. Hemann, Michael Gale, Ram Savan
doaj +1 more source
Functions of IFNλs in Anti-Bacterial Immunity at Mucosal Barriers
Frontiers in Immunology, 2022 Type III interferons (IFNs), or IFNλs, are cytokines produced in response to microbial ligands. They signal through the IFNλ receptor complex (IFNLR), which is located on epithelial cells and select immune cells at barrier sites. As well as being induced
Noémie Alphonse +4 more
doaj +1 more source
Mumps Virus Induces Protein-Kinase-R-Dependent Stress Granules, Partly Suppressing Type III Interferon Production. [PDF]
PLoS ONE, 2016 Stress granules (SGs) are cytoplasmic granular aggregations that are induced by cellular stress, including viral infection. SGs have opposing antiviral and proviral roles, which depend on virus species. The exact function of SGs during viral infection is
Shin Hashimoto +11 more
doaj +1 more source
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, 2022 Ancestral RNA polymerase III (Pol III) is a multi-subunit polymerase responsible for transcription of short non-coding RNA, such as double-stranded short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs).
Brianna M. Doratt +8 more
doaj +1 more source
Interferon-gamma inhibits influenza A virus cellular attachment by reducing sialic acid cluster size
iScience, 2022 Summary: The mucosal antiviral role of type I and III interferon in influenza virus infection is well established. However, much less is known about the antiviral mechanism of type II interferon (interferon-gamma).
Carol Ho-Yan Fong +7 more
doaj +1 more source