Eeyarestatin 1 interferes with both retrograde and anterograde intracellular trafficking pathways [PDF]
, 2011 Background: The small molecule Eeyarestatin I (ESI) inhibits the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-cytosol dislocation and subsequent degradation of ERAD (ER associated protein degradation) substrates.
Aletrari, Mina-Olga +28 more
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Retrograde transport pathways utilised by viruses and protein toxins [PDF]
, 2006 A model has been presented for retrograde transport of certain toxins and viruses from the cell surface to the ER that suggests an obligatory interaction with a glycolipid receptor at the cell surface. Here we review studies on the ER trafficking cholera
J Michael Lord +9 more
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Domperidone Inhibits Clostridium botulinum C2 Toxin and Bordetella pertussis Toxin
Toxins, 2023 Bordetella pertussis toxin (PT) and Clostridium botulinum C2 toxin are ADP-ribosylating toxins causing severe diseases in humans and animals. They share a common translocation mechanism requiring the cellular chaperones Hsp90 and Hsp70, cyclophilins, and
Jinfang Jia +6 more
doaj +1 more source
Characterization of botulinum neurotoxin type A neutralizing monoclonal antibodies and influence of their half-lives on therapeutic activity. [PDF]
PLoS ONE, 2010 Botulinum toxins, i.e. BoNT/A to/G, include the most toxic substances known. Since botulism is a potentially fatal neuroparalytic disease with possible use as a biowarfare weapon (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention category A bioterrorism agent),
Christelle Mazuet +4 more
doaj +1 more source
Scientific Reports, 2021 Translocation is essential to the anthrax toxin mechanism. Protective antigen (PA), the binding component of this AB toxin, forms an oligomeric pore that translocates lethal factor (LF) or edema factor, the active components of the toxin, into the cell ...
Alexandra J. Machen +2 more
doaj +1 more source
Refinement and Neutralization Evaluation of the F(ab’)2 Type of Antivenom against the Deadly Jellyfish Nemopilema nomurai Toxins [PDF]
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2021 Jellyfish stings threaten people’s health and even life in coastal areas worldwide. Nemopilema nomurai is one of the most dangerous jellyfish in the East Asian Marginal Seas, which not only stings hundreds of thousands of people every year but also is assumed to be responsible for most deaths by jellyfish stings in China. However, there is no effective
Rongfeng Li +4 more
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The apoptogenic toxin AIP56 is a metalloprotease A-B toxin that cleaves NF-κb P65.
PLoS Pathogens, 2013 AIP56 (apoptosis-inducing protein of 56 kDa) is a major virulence factor of Photobacterium damselae piscicida (Phdp), a Gram-negative pathogen that causes septicemic infections, which are among the most threatening diseases in mariculture.
Daniela S Silva +14 more
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Diphtheria and the AB Toxin Group: a History and the Need for New Toxin Therapeutics
, 2023 AB toxins have historically been associated with significant morbidity, mortality through infections such as botulinum, anthrax, cholera, and diphtheria. These AB toxin-mediated diseases remain prevalent in low and middle income countries, with intermittent outbreaks of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) or whooping cough by Bordetella ...
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Proinflammatory Responses in the Murine Brain after Intranasal Delivery of Cholera Toxin: Implications for the Use of AB Toxins as Adjuvants in Intranasal Vaccines [PDF]
The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2005 Intranasal delivery of vaccines provides an attractive alternative to parenteral delivery, but it requires appropriate mucosal adjuvants. Cholera toxin (CT) is a powerful mucosal adjuvant, but it can undergo retrograde transport to the brain via the olfactory system after intranasal delivery.
Michelle E, Armstrong +4 more
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AB5 Enterotoxin-Mediated Pathogenesis: Perspectives Gleaned from Shiga Toxins [PDF]
Toxins, 2022 Foodborne diseases affect an estimated 600 million people worldwide annually, with the majority of these illnesses caused by Norovirus, Vibrio, Listeria, Campylobacter, Salmonella, and Escherichia coli. To elicit infections in humans, bacterial pathogens express a combination of virulence factors and toxins.
Erika N. Biernbaum, Indira T. Kudva
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